Isendlalelo mayela nokulungiswwa kwehlabathi
Ukulungiselelwa kwehlabathi kulinywa kwehlabathini ngaphambi kokuhlonywa kwesimu yamaderibe. Kufuze kungahlangahlanganiswa nelawulo lehlabathi elimayelana nokugcina ihlabathi ngemva kokuhlonywa kwesimu yamaderibe. Nanyana kunjalo ihlaziyo lokuboniswa ngehlabathi lingatshwaya bonyana ifana kangangani ihlabathi yendawo ekukhulunywa ngayo, begodu nangabe kwenzakala amatjhuguluko angasi mahle, ighlelo kufuze lilungiswe.Lokhu kungahlathulula bonyana esikhundleni sebhlogo elikhulu kungatjalwa amabhlogwana amancani amabili wamasimu wamaderibe ukwenzela ukuhlobanisa ikhwalithi yehlabathi. Iminye yeminqopho eqakathekileko yokulungiswa kwehlabathi kukuthi wenze bonyana ihlabathi ulunga ngokwaneleko ukuqinisekisa bonyana imitjhana ibamihle naziza ekhwalithini kanye nokuvuthwa kwayo. Ukuhlaziya kwehlabathi kanye nokuhlolwa okwenziwa bosossayensi kuqakathekile, ngombana kungafunyaneka isiphakamiso esineleko sokulungiselela ihlabathi.
Kufuze kutlhogonyelwe ukwenzela bonyana kungabi nenambitho letshwayi nofana ibumba ehlabathini, nanyana kesinye kunekghonakalo yokobanyana imirabhu yemitjhana yangaphambilini kufuze isuswe. Ngesikhathi sokulungiselela ihlabathi, amakhemikhali wehlabathi akasasebenzi ngendlelakhona begodu ukuphelelokhu kufuze kulungiswe. Isazi ngehlabathi sizakusebenzisa ihlaziyo lehlabathi ukuphakamisa bonyana kufuze kusetjenziswe maphi amakhemikhali wokulungisa ihlabathi.
Lapho kutholakala khana ama-brackish salts ehlabathini, kufuze kulungiswe ngesikhathi sokulungisa ihlabathi ngokusebenzisa i- gypsum and drainage. I-gypsum mamanzi avangwa nehlabathi ukukhuphula i-calcium saturation. Umhlobo wehlabathi eyi-Acidic soil ingalungiswa ngokungezelela i-lime ngesikhathi sokulungisa ihlabathi ukwenzela i-neutralise soil acidity.
Iinzuzo zokulungiselela ihlabathi
Ukupakelana kwehlabathi kufuze kususwe ngokulungiselelwa kwehlabathi. Ukuhlukaniswa kwemirabhu kungatjhingisa ngokupha ingcenye yangaphasi eqinileko. Nangabe sele kubonakele bonyana kukhona iinqabo ngaphasi (isibonelo, ukutlhayela kweendingo zokunothisa nofana ukutlhayela kwamaminerali athileko), iinqabezi kufuze zilungiswe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.Nje-ke, ukulungiswa kwamakhemikhali wokungalingani kuqunta bonyana ngesikhathi sokuhlola ihlabathi kungathoma kwenziwe. I-Nematode control, nangabe kuyatlhogeka, kungenziwa ngaphambi kokuhlonywa kwesimu yamaderibe. Isakhiwo sehlabathi singathuthukiswa ngokungezelela iinsetjenziswa zokunothisa ngendlela yomsuqwa nofana yokuhlobene nawo. Iinsetjenziso zokunothisa zonciphisa ukpakelelana kwehlabathi begodu kukhuthaze iimbungu zehlabathi kanye nama-soil microbes.
Translated by Johannes Nkosinathi