Ukufuywa Kweembuzi Zesikhaya eSewula Afrika

©IVG
Imbuzi zazihlangana kweenlwane zokuthoma ezafuywa babantu bazifuyela ukukhiqiza inyama, ibisi iskhumba kanye nemithiya. Iimbuzi zesikhaya zafika eSewula Africa ngeminyaka yalada ye-Stone Age zifika nabantu bokufika begodu zitholwa eendaweni lapha kuhlala imihlobo eyahlukahlukeneko yabantu. Ngendlela ziqaleka ngakho iimbuzezi zisekela iinkulumo zokobana zivele eendaweni ezahlukahlukeneko.
Hlangana kwemihlobobohlobo yefuyo yembuzezi kubalwa i:
Umhlobo wembuzi obizwa bona yi-Nguni (Mbuzi) - zinemibalabala enendlebe ezi ezilengela phasi.
Esifundeni se-Eastern Cape Xhosa - zinemibalabala kanye neendlebe ezi multicoloured and lob-eared
Esifundeni se-Northern Cape – zinendlebe ezilengela phasi ezinamaqhatjhaza.
Umhlobo wembuzi obizwa -Kunene (Kaokoland) - zinemibalabala kanye neendlebe ezi ezilengela phasi.
Imbuzi zendabukwezi zaziwa ngelinye ibizo elithi -'Indigenous Veld Goat' (IVG) zatloliswa ngokusemthethweni njengefuyo ngonyaka ka-2006 nekukulapha kwatlanywa khona isosayidi yabafuyi. Imbuzi yeskhaya ifuywa ngokwemvelo ngombana kurhonwa ukwenziwa ngayo izinto ezinengi. Yakheke njengeqina kodwana zinemilenze emide, njeke zikhamba lula begodu zirhona ukukhamba amabanga amade, ziyokudla emadlelweni nanyana zikhambakhambe zidle iintjalo ezahlukahlukeneko.
Zirhona ukukhambakhamba isibanga esimaphesendi ayi- (±60%) nanyana zidle iintjalo ezimihlobohlobo ezimaphesendi ayi (±40%), imitjhana kanye notjani, begodu zinerhono lokhukhetha ukudla kwekhwalithi ephambili ngeskhathi esifitjani, begodu zirhona ukuthola ukondlela ekudleni kwekwalithi ejayelekileko. Zineskhumba esiqinileko esihle esinombala omuhle encenyeni ezibuthakathaka ezifana ne(hloko,iindlebe, epumulweni, esfubeni,emgogodlheni kanye nangaphasi emilenzeni) esizivikela elangeni.

Inzuzo Yembuzi Zeskhaya

©Marinda Louw
Irhubhululo elitholwe ngembuzi zeskhaya lithi azibanywa msinya malwelwe be-tick-borne diseases (nokubulwelwe obubangwa kulunywa mkhaza) obufana ne-(heartwater), namagciwani ayitjhwenyw angitjho nakukobana kunesomiso kanye namalwelwe kuneembuzi zenyama nanyana zebisi. Lokhu kuphungula imali yokuzondla. Imbuzi esinengi zeskhaya zivela uboya be-cashmere obuziviikela emakhazeni webusika, obusukako lokha nakungena ihlobo. Imbuzi zeskhaya zivundile kusukela zisesezincani, begodu zirhona ukubeletha amaputwani unyaka woke. Zingasengwa emalanga ayi-274, zikhiqize ibisi eliyi-1.46 kg qobe lilanga. Ibiselo limumethe ikhrimu engaba yi-5.2%, amaprotheni ayi-3.8% kanye ne-lactose eyi-4.8%
Imbuzi zeskhaya zikhiqiza amaleveli aphezulu wamafutha webisi kanye namaprotheyini kunembuzi yomhlobo we-Saanen kodwana alisilinengi ibisi elikhiqizwa zimbuzi zeskhaya. Isikhathi sazo sokumunyisa sifitjhani khulu asikakulingani ukupha amaputwana ukondleka ezikutlhogako. Okuhlukileko nokwembuzi ze-Saanen kanye ne- Saanen x indigenous goat ezikhiqiza ibisi elinengi esikhathini esingaba ziinyanga ezilisumi ezilisimunyisako.
Ukukhethwa ngokutjheja kanye nokufuya kwembuzi zesikhaya kwarholela emihlotjeni emithathu yefuyo yembuzi eSewula Africa okumbuzi zomhlobo we-Boer goat, Kalahari Red goat, kanye ne-Savannah goat.

Imbalobalo Zembuzi Zesikhaya

©Marinda Louw
Imbuzi zeskhaya zimitha iinyanga ezihlanu - nekumalanga ayi-150 –begodu zibeletha imbuzi yinye namkhana amakhwahla anobudisi obungaba yi -2.5 kg. Amaputwana ayekeliswa ibisi lokha anobudisi obuyi-12-15 kg. Lokha aneenyanga eziyi-3 ukuya ku-3.5 emaputwaneni aduna kanye nalokha aneenyanga eziyi-3.5 emaputwaneni asikazi kanye ne-3.5 –lokha aneenyanga eziyi-4 emaputwaneni asikazi nanyana abanye abafuyi be-Eastern Cape balisisa iimbuzi eziduna lokha nazinenyanga eziyi-5.
Imbuzi ezikhulileko ezisikazi zinobudisi obuyi-35 - 40 kg. Zilungela ukuzibandakanya ngakwezomseme lokha nazinobudala beenyanga ezilithoba. Ikunzi esele ikhule ngokwaneleko inobudisi obuyi-45 - 50 kg.
Isilinganiso esihle sembuzi eduna nanyana esikazi, yimbuzi eduna yinye hlangana kweembuzi ezisikazi eziyi-20.
Zibeletha amaputwana hlangana kwenyanga ka-Sihlabantangana, KhukhulamungU kanye noNobayeni.
Imbuzi yeskhaya iphila iminyaka engaba hlangana kweyi-10 – 12.

Imikhiqizo Yembuzi Zeskhaya

©Marinda Louw
Inyama yembuzi (chevon Kanye ne cabrito) - inothile begodu inambitheka kamnandi begodu inezinga eliphasi le-cholesterol.
Imbuzi ezifuywa eendaweni ze-heartwater (lapha kutholakala khona ubulwelwe be-tick-borne) azibanjwa bulwelwobu. Ubulwelwe be-Heartwater butholakala eendaweni ezinengi ze-Africa ese-sub-Sahara kodwana ubulwelobu abukho erhalawumba eyomileko ye-Kalahari/-Kalahari Desert kanye neendaweni ezisetlhagwini ezomileko ze-Namibia kanye ne-Sewula Africa.
Iinkhumba – zingakhiqiza imihlobo eyahlukeneko yamaphethini emibalabala eyenza iinhluthi ezintweni ezenziwe ngeskhumba.
Iskhumba esiyikhwalithi - esingakoniwa kudliwa mikhaza.
Ibisi –elisetjenziswa emizini eminengi lingasetjenziselwa ukwenza ezinye izinto zebisi ezifana netjhizi.
I-Cashmere- buboya obufeyini obukhiqizwa ebusika. Ukukhiqiza i-Cashmere kufaneleke ukwenziwa emaplasini lapha kutjalwa bekufuywe khona lapha abafuyi barhona ukubona khona ifuyo yabo kobana uboyabazo obunengi buphuma kuphi nokobana bazikame nini.

Translated by Lizzy Shongwe