Igama
Inungu (inungu yephondolwandle) [Hystrix africaeaustralis]Ukwakheka Nokuvela Kwayo
Iinungu ezisikazi kanye neziduna zinesilinganiso sobudisi esibalelwa emakhilogremuni alisumi nobunane ukuya kamasumi amathathu(18 to 30 Kg) nofana (about 40 to 60 pounds), begodu zinobude obungaba magadango mabili.Inungu yenarhakazini ye-Afrika, imhlobo wesilwani zomndeni wamakhondlo onamasasa amade, ubude bawo bungabalelwa esilinganisweni esimasenthimitha amasumi amahlanu (50 cm), anjalo nje ambese umzimbayo woke avamisa ukuvuswa misipha engaphasi kwesikhumba sayo. Nanyana ukwakheka kwayo kufana nesilwani esingugubudu esibizwa nge-Echidna, kodwana azihlobani nakancani.
Ugubudu nofana isilwani esaziwa nge-Echidna saziwa khulu ngokubizwa ngokuthi siyi-spiny Anteater, begodu kumhlobo we-Monotreme ombeseke ngamasasa aqinileko, abukhali begodu amade avangeke ngamaboya anghwarako. Inungu nayo njengokufana nogubudu obizwa nge-Echidna lo zinesikhumba esizotho okunzima kanye namasasa wombala okhanyako.
Inungu yenarhakazini ye-Afrika le yide ngokubuyelelweko kune-Echidna (80.0 cm vs 47,5 cm).Iinungu ze-Afrika zimhlobo omkhulu emhlobeni womndenazo. Iinungu ezisikazi zidlula eziduna ngesilinganiso sobudisi obungange khilogremu, begodu zombili eduna nesikazi zikulu ngesiqunto sobude bemitha.
Zimhlobo ophila isikhathi eside, njengombana zikghona ukuphila iminyaka ebalelwa kelisumi nambili ukuya keslisumi nahlanu. Umhlobo lo weenungu umbeseke ngamaboya nofana iinhluthu eziqinileko ezibizwa ama-quills nezipataleleko, begodu zinamasasa emhlana kanye nemahlangothini.
Umehluko okhona hlangana namasasana amancani nofana lawo abonakala njengoboya obude (quills) kukuthi amasasa adege begodu made ngamasentimitha amasumi amahlanu (50 cm long) kuthi ama-quills abemade ngamasenthimitha amasumi amathathu (30 cm long).
Amasasa kanye nama-quills ziwavusa ngesizathu sokwenza bona zibonakale zizikhulu begodu zithusa. Amasasa amanye asemsileni akanalutho ngaphakathi begodu lokha ijuguja umzimba avamise ukwenza itjhada.
Ukuphuma kwalawo abukhali kwenzeka lokha nakathintwe linaba nofana isilwani esiyingozi nofana lokha izithintithako, kodwana abuya amile msinyana. Iinungu ze-Afrika zineendevu ezide nofana amaboya amila ebusweni bazo.
Ukudla/Idayethi
Iinungu zenarhakazini ye-Afrika zivamise ukudla khulu iintjalo, zisebenzisa amaziphazo aqinileko ukwemba imirabho, kanye nokhunye okumila ngaphasi kwehlabathi. Zinjalo nje ziyazithanda iinthelo, nazizithola ziwe emthini begodu lapho khunye zitholakala zitlhaga namaqolo womuthi.Ithumbu layo langaphakathi elikhulu kanye nesithasiselo zinama-microorganisms akghona ukuhlela kuhle ukudla ezikuginye zingakakuhlafunyi. Zikhezabikwa bona zinokudla ingcuba nofona iinsalele zenyama yesilwane esifileko.
Eendaweni ezinganayo i-phophorous zenza isenzo sokupupura amathambo, lokhu zikwenza ngokuthi zibuthelele amathambo amanengi ngemgodinazo.
Ukuzala Nokukhulisa
Iinungu eziduna zifinyelela isikhathi sokulungela ukujarha nazineenyanga ezibunane ukuya kezilisumi nobunane, kuthi ezisikazi zifinyelele nazineenyanga ezilithoba ukuya kezilisumi nesithandathu.Ngebanga lesakhiwo sazo esinobungozi, iinungu ezisikazi kuba ngizo ezithoma lezo eziduna ngesikhathi sokujarhwa. Zizala amadzinyana akhamba ngamaphahla ukusuka kelilodwa ukuya kamane, begodu ziwazalela etjanini obusemgodini walapho unina ahlala khona ngesikhathi lapho kumanzi khona phakathi kwenyanga kaRhoboyi kanye noNtaka.
Ubukhulu bamadzinyanazo kuvame ukuba yinye kuthi isilinganiso sobukhulu bamadzinyani sibe magremu amakhulu amathathu nesumi nanye (311 g. Amadzinyana azalwa sele athuthukile begodu aqinaqinile, amehlo avulekile, kanye namazinyo sele akhona.
Azwala anamasasa amancani athambileko, nokho avamise ukukhalu masinya ngokuphembethwa mumoya. Amadzinyana la akhula msinya khulu, akghona ukukhula ngokwaneleko ngesikhathi esimnyaka kwaphela.
Avamise ukumunyiswa iinyanga bezibe ntathu ukuya kezine, ukufikela lapho sele anesilinganiso esimakhilogremu amane ukuya kamahlanu. Ngemva kokuphuhlisa amadzinyanawo ibele, iinungu angekhe zamitha esikhathini esiziinyanga ezintathu ukuya kezihlanu.
Ukuziphatha Kwazo
Inungu nayidiniweko, iyabubula nofana yenza itjhada elizwakalela phasi bese iphakamise amasasayo anzima nokumhlophe. Kunesehlakalo lapho inungu ipheze yabulala khona ingwe.Iinungu zikhamba ngayinye nofona ngemihlambi emincani yomndeni. Iinungu zenarhakazini ye-Afrika ziimhlobo okhamba ngomnyama, kodwana ziyabonakala nemini, zivamise ukutjhagala khulu ebusuku zizume ukudla kuthi emini zilale. Zinekghono elihle lokuzwelela into esezako.
Ziyazikghadzisa nazibona iinlwani eziyingozi ziza, iinlwanezi kungafaka hlangana abokatsu abakhulu bomango, iinyoni ezikulu eziyingozi, nofana iimpisi. Nazibona bonyana ziragelelekile, zivamise ukuba nenturhu khulu. Zigijimele emahlangothi, phambili nemuva ukwenzela ukuhlaba inaba ngamasasazo abukhali.
Imamanga ikolelo yokuthi zirhona ukuphosa nofana ukudumuza ngamasasazo, okwenzakalako kukobana lokha nayilwako kuvamise bona amanye wamasasa aziphumele nofana akhithike. Enye indlelazo yokuzivikela, kukuthi zikghona ukufaka ihloko ngemgodini bese zivuse amasasa aqale phezulu.
Kunalawo ahlaliswe nofana enzeke kuhle aziwa ngokuthi ma-rattle quills, begodu ngiwo avame ukwenza itjhada lokha nayitjhagalako nofana ijuguja umzimba.
Ikhaya/Indawo Yuokuhlala/Isikhundla
Iinungu zenarhakazini ye-Afrika zivamise ukutholakala khulu eendaweni ezisemazingeni welwandle angaba ziinkulungwana embili zamamitha ngehla kwezinga lelwandle, khulukhulu lapho kumile khona imithi kanye nezinye iimilo zomango.Zizwana nokuhlala eendaweni ezinamadwala, kanye namatje aphadlhukileko, njengombana zidinga umthunzi lokha ilanga nalitjhisako. Zithanda umthunzi walapho kumadonga nofana amarharha khona nofana emigodini ebegade ingeyeenlwane ezinye.
Zivamise ukuzirhubhela iimigodazo engaba mide ngamamitha amasumi amabili kanye nokutjhingela okungaba mamitha amabili walapho ziziditjhela nofana zihlala khona.
Lapho Zitholakala Khona
Zihlala eTlhagwini ye-Afrika, eSewula Afrika kanye nePumalanga ye-Afrika.Iimbalobalo Ngepilwazo
Igama lesi-Latin: Hystrix africaeaustralis.Isilinganiso sobudisi (esikazi): 10 - 24 kg
Isilinganiso sobudisi (eduna): 10 - 19 kg
Isilinganiso sobude (esikazi): 84 cm
Isilinganiso sobude (eduna): 84 cm
Isikhathi sekambiso yokumitha: 7 weeks
Inani/ isbalo samadzinyanazo: 1 - 4
Isilinganiso sekuzalweni: 315 g
Umhlobo/ irhemo: Rodentia
Umndenazo: Hystricidae
Ukuzala nokukhulisa: Zizala idzinyana linye ukuya kamathathu kesinye nesinye isikhathi sonyaka (ngesikhathi sezulu, ehlobo phakathi kwenyanga kaRhoboyi kanye noNtaka) zizala ngemva kwesikhathi sekambiso yokumitha esiziinyanga ezintathu.