Lokha amadlelo nasele amilile, umlimi ungathatha isiqunto sokuvuselela amadlelo ngokufaka imbewu enengi nanyana ukutlhogonyelwa amadlelo akhona.
Nange amadlelo ane-40 - 75% yentjalo, amadlelo, amadlelo amatjha angatjalwa ngokufaka imbewu emadlelweni akhona, nange kusele amadlelo ayi-40%, kungaba kuhle kobana uthome amadlelo amatjha.
Lokha nawulungisela ukutjala amadlelo,indawo lapho uzokutjala khona kanye nomhlobo wehlabathi wendawo ozokutjala kiyo kuqakathekile ekukhetheni umhlobo wamadlelo. Kuzokutjengisa iindlela ezihle zokutjala.
Sebenzisa imbewu efretjhi yekhwalithi ngaphambi kokobana utjale i-legume, qiniseka kobana imbewu mhlobo onebhakutheriye le-Rhizobium elivumela kobana kulungiswe kuhle i-nitrogen ehlabathini.
Bawa umsabalalisi wembewu kobana akuphe iinyeleliso akukhethele imbewu.
Ukukhethwa Kwendawo Ehle Yokutjala Amadlelo
Isivuno esiphuma emadlelweni siya ngokobana ihlabathi injani nokobana ivunde njani. Ukwenza isibonelo, ihlabathi engaphezulu esendaweni le ingakhandela kobana ihlabathi ingene emanzini, okubanga kobana ihlabathi engaphezulu izale amanzi. Kungaba kuhle kobana ukhethe amadlelo athanda ubuswe afana ne-Napier kanye notjani i-bana grass .
Ukukhuphukela kwehlabathi kuzokugcugcuzela amanzi agijimako kanye nokurhurhuleka kwehlabathi okungenza bona kutlhogeke. Ukunciphisa izinga lamanzi ehlela phasi, endaweni engasileveli elidonga, ungatjala utjani; lokhu kuzokuvumela bona amanzi angene ngobunengi ehlabathini.
Ukuhlelwa Kwamadlelo
Thoma ukulungisa ihlabathi eenyangeni ezi-6 - 12 ngaphambi kweskhathi okutjala. Ngaphambi kokobana utjale iintjalo nanyana ngiziphi, kuqakathekile kobana uhlole ihlabathi ukobana ubone bona itlhoga ziphi izakhimzimba kanye nokobana ihlabathi ine-pH enjani.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwehlabathi le izokutjengisa bona zintjalo ezinjani ezifaneleka kobana ungazitjala emhlobeni loyo ehlabathini. Ngemva kwalokho, izakhimzimba zingafakwa ehlabathini kanye ne-organic matter ukugcugcuzela amagciwani ehlabathini. Hlanganisa izinto ezitlhogekako ehlabathini, iimvundisi kanye nezakhimzimba nakulungiswa imibhede yembewu nanyana lokha nakutjalwako.
Ukulungiswa Kwemibhede Yemvelo
Imbewu yotjani obunengi kanye nama-legumes zincani khulu njeke kuyatlhogeka kobana imibhede yembewu ilingane, ingabi nekhula begodu iqine.Imbewu itlhoga ubuswe kobana imile beyithuthuke imirabhu njeke imbewu ethinta ihlabathi iqakathekile ukuqiniseka bona ithola ubuswe obaneleko eduze kwembewu.
Ukulungiswa kwemibhede yembewu kuya ngomhlobo womtjhini okhona. Nange kutjalwa amadlelo amatjha, indawo ingaharigwa nanyana ipetwe kodwana nange amadlelo akhona avuselelwe, akungapetwa
Ukutjala kungenziwa ngendlela yokobana kungapetwa. Indlela yokutjala ngokusebenzisa umanyoro kufanele isetjenziswe lokha nakutlhogakala imibhede yembewu elinga ako. Kuphula iziqa ehlabathini begodu abanye abalimi badlumbana kobana kufuthumaza ihlabathi msinya begodu kurhelebha ukobana kumile amadlelo afanako. Nanyana kunjalo kungatjhugulula indlela ihlabathi eyakheke ngayo bekubange ukurhurhuleka kwehlabathi.
Ukutjala ngomanyoro, ngamakhemikhali kanye nezinye izinto kutlhogeka kobana kusetjenziswe lokha imibhede yembewu efanako nayitlhogakalako. Kuphula amagiqa amakhulu wehlabathi
Akupetwa kutjawa mbewu ensaleleni zamadlelo. Iinsalela kufanele ziphungulwe mantanzi ngokobana zidliwe khulu yifuyo nanyana ngokobana kususwe ihoyi. Azikho iindlela zokupeta kanye nokurhurhuleka kwehlabathi kanye nokutlhogomelwa kobuswe kodwana imbewu ingamila kabuthaka begodu ingalingani.
Iskhathi Esihle Sokutjala
Lokha nawutjala amadlelo,isikhathi sokutjala siqakathekile. Indlela okhetha ngayo amadlelo kobana ngamila ehlobo nanyana ebusika ngikho okuzokutjela iskhathi esihle sokutjala. Umlimi utlhoga ukobana abe namadlelo lokha ukudla nakutlhogakalo nanyana lokha nakunesomiso.
Ukuhlela iskhathi sokutjala naso sizokutjela kobana amadlelo azokuvunwa nini. Ungalibali kobana amadlelo angeze adliwa yivuyo kwaphela kodwana angavunwa abekwe abe yi-silage nanyana ihoyi.
Ikhula nalo liyalawula iskhathi sokutjala, ukwenza Isibonelo, ukutjala amadlelo etwasahlobo kanye nehlobo kunganciphisa ukukhula kwekhula elimila ebusika.
Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana