Amazinga womtjhiso womoya wenarha elinywako aqakatheke khulu ngendima eziwadlalako ekukhuleni nekumileni kwentjalo ezahlukahlukeneko.
Indima edlalwa makhemikhali, yi-physiology kanye nebhawuloji eentjalweni, ezifana ne-photosynthesis zilawulwa mazinga womtjhiso womoya. I-photosynthessisi yindlela lapha iintjalo zelimo zisebenzisa ilanga ukukhiqiza i-carbonhydrates, i-dry matter ephuma emanzini kanye ne-cabondioxide.
Iintjalo ezinengi zikhula bezihlale emazingeni womtjhiso ahlangana kwe-0°C ukuya ku-50°C kodwana iintjalo ezinye ezihlukahlukeneko zinamazinga zikhula kuhle ngaphasi kwama amazinga womtjhiso ahlukahlukeneko.
Ubujamo Bezulu Obupholileko Kanye Nobujamo Bezulu Obufuthumeleko
Iintjalo ezikhula kuhle ngaphasi kobujamo bezulu obupholileko kubalwa ikhabitjhi, umdlaza, ispinatjhi, i-eyi kanye nama-peas. Iintjalwezi zikhula kuhle ngaphasi kwamazinga womtjhiso ahlangana kwe-15ºC ukuya ku-18ºC.
Iintjalo zikhula kuhle ngaphasi kobujamo bezulu obufuthumeleko kubalwa hlangana amazambani, isphila kanye namatamati zikhula kuhle emazingeni womtjhiso ahlangana kwe-18ºC ukuya ku-27ºC. Amazinga womtjhiso amahle ngaphakathi nendawo (aphasi ajamelekako, amahle, aphezulu kodwana ajamelekako) ayahluka okuya ngomhlobo wentjalo ngokobana zikhula ngeskhathi siphi.
Nange utjale iintjalo ezitlhoga ubujamo bezulu obupholileko kuqakathekile kobana wazi bona ngisiphi iskhathi esilungileko ongazitjala ngazo ukuqiniseka kobana iintjalwezi zitjalwe ngaphasi kwamazinga womtjhiso amahle.
Amazinga Womtjhiso Kanye Namalwelwe Wentjalo
Amazinga womtjhiso anomoya, ahlanganiswe nobuswe, nestimu esisemoyeni, avamise ukutjengisa bona iintjalo zizokuba njani kodwana zingaletha inzuzo kwesinye iskhathi. Isbonelo esihle bulwelwe be-greening disease, emalamuleni. Bumraro omkhulu esifundeni seMpumalanga kanye neseLimpopo, kodwana kungasi sesifundeni sepumalanga nesetjingalanga ye-Eastern Cape Provinces.
Iinunwana ezithwala ubulwelwe azirhoni ukuphila emazingeni aphezulu womtjhiso begodu kubonakala inga imimoya etjhisa bhe eyomileko ye-Greening disease in these areas berg wind yesifunda se-Western kanye ne-Eastern Cape Cape lapha kutjalwa khona amalamula kulibanga ubulwelwe be-greening disease bungekho eemfundenezi.
Izulu Kanye Namazinga Womtjhiso
Amazinga womtjhiso wenarha le kanye neskhathi sonyaka sokuna kwezulu zombili zinomthelela ekobaneni ukhetha ukutjala ziphi iintjalo. Ukwenza isibonelo,amadiribe angenwa zinkowani lula lokha nazitjalwe ebujameni bezulu obunobuswe, amadiribe kufanele kobana atjalwe enarheni lapha kungani izulu elinengi nanyana endaweni ena izulu ebusika.
Iintjalo ezitjalwa ngaphasi kobujamo bezulu obuthrophikhali ukwenza Isibonelo, amagwava, ama-avokhado, i-passion fruit, ipopo kanye nepeyinapula zingatjalwa ngokuphumelela eendaweni ezinganazulu. Ama-dates atlhoga amalanga ayi-180 qobe lilanga amazinga womtjhiso abehlangana kwaka-18ºC nangaphasi ukobana kube nomkhiqizo ophumelelako wenthelwezi.
Amazinga Womtjhiso Kanye Nekhwalithi Yenthelo
Ngesinye isikhathi amazinga womtjhiso aphasi ahlukahlukanako angabanomthelela omumbi ekhwalithini yomkhiqizo.Izinga leswigiri linciphisa amazinga womtjhiso lokha iskhathi sokutjala nasiphasi. Okufana nalokha iskhathi sokutjala singasi side ngokwaneleko kobana kungakhiqizwa iswigiri.
Ubude beskhathi sokutjala kanye namazinga aphezulu ngokwaneleko nazo ziqakathekile ekukhiqieni iintjalo zehlobo ezifuna ubujamo bezulu obufuthumeleko. Isphila sitlhoga isikhathi eside sokusitjala ngaphambi kokobana singavunwa, kodwana sele benze umhlobo ovunwa ngemva kokusitjala iskhathi esifitjhani.
Amazinga Womtjhiso Kanye Nokumila Kwentjalo
Kunamazinga womtjhiso amahle angenza bona isphila simile ngeskhathi esifitjhani, kanye namazinga womtjhiso aphezulu lapha iintjalo zingamila khona. Amazinga womtjhiso la ayahlukahluka kuya ngemihlobo ehlukeneko yentjalo.
Translated by Busisiwe Skhosana