Xikimi lexi xa fikelela eka swipimelo swa international environmental sustainability xikanwe naku hlohletela maendlelo ya kahle yo lawula switsotswana. Vahumelerisi va hlohleteriwa ku tirhisa maendlelo lawa ya hlaselaka switsotswana hiti ndlela tohambana hambana, e.g. switsotswana swa ntumbuluko leswi lwisaka, tiparasites (natural enemies), entomopathogenic nematodes (species which kill insects) fungi kumbe ti bacteria leti hlaselaka switsotswana. Nsivelo lowu wutala tirhisiwa xikanwe na ti khemikali leti dlayaka switsotswana.Ndlela yo antswa swinene yo hunguta switsotswana na mavabyi iku tlhoma tihlo ensinwini ya madiriva kuvona swikoweto. Vahumelerisi vatala kutirhisa valanguteri lavanga leteriwa kuri switava chipela.
Vatirhi lava va leteriwile ku famba famba emasinwini ya madiriva minkarhu yotala vakarhi valanguta swikoweto swosungula swa switsotswana kufana na vukona bya fungi. Laha kungana switsotswana swale hansi ka misava uta vona hiloko ximilani xinga kuli kahle, laha unga tlhelaka uvona swicoticoti eka misinya. Misinya yiva na marhavi lawa yanga kuleku xikanwe naku nga hluki kahle matluka. Laha kungana leswi hanyaka e handle ka misava, swikoweto leswi vonakaka swile ka matluka laha kungana mimbhovo, matluka yo khonyana xikanwe na swichocho swa madiriva leswingana swilo swobasa leswi kombaka ku hlaseriwa.
Loko kungari na swikoweto leswi vonakalaka ematlukeni, swirhabyana kumbe swichocho swa madiriva, lavangana vutivi vata cela nkele kuvona timintsu ta nsinya lowu hlaseriweke. Loko kurikari kutshunguriwa swimilani leswi hi mirhi yo dlaya switsotswana, misinya leyi yita tswonga murhi kutani yidlaya fungi kumbe switsotswana. Laha kutirhisiwaka murhi lowu dlayaka hikuwu khumba, nsinya wu totiwa murhi lowu naswona loko switsotswani kumbe fungi yi fika, yi vhela yi fa.
Xiave xa maxelo eka switsotswana
Switlhela swiva na nkoka swinene kutiva leswaku maxelo na ndzhawu swina xiave xikulu swinene eka kuvonakala ka mavabyi na switsotswana. Eka tindzhawu leti kunga tsakameki ngopfu, mavabyi yan’wana ya fungi ya tika kuya vona, kasi laha ku tsakamaka ngopfu kumbe mpfula loko misinya yiri eku kuleni, mavadyi yanwana ya fungi yanga hatlisisiwa. Vutomi bya xitsotswana byitala kuya hi nguva naswona eka lexa madiriva xa mealybug, xitshembele eka maxelo.Maendlelo yati Viticulture yangava na xiave xikulu eka kulawula mavabyi na switsotswana: Kulawuriwa ka matluka swinga hunguta mavabyi ya fungi. Ncheleto wungava konaloko masimu ya madiriva yatsakama, xikombiso kungava na mixo. Tlhelo ra ntila na nseketelo lowu tirhisiweke swinga hoxa xandla eka ku antswisa mabelo ya moya naku omisa matluka loko mpfula yiyimile. Nhova yitisa vutumberi bya switsotswana naku andza ka swona. Matirhiselo yo biha ya mirhi yo dlaya switsotswana yanga pfuna swinene eka kuherisa valala vantumbuluko va switsotswana.
Translated By Ike Ngobeni