Ulawulo lwe Zitshabalalisi

© Prof Piet Goussard Winetech

Izifo kunye ne zitshabalalisi kwintsimi yediliya zingahlulwa ngokwamaqela ohlukeneyo abizwa nge: Izinambuzane, Intsholongwane engundisayo kunye ne ntsholongwane yezifo. Ulawulo lwe zifo kunye nezitshabalalisi yenye yeyona nkcitho inkulu kulimo lwemidiliya, kwaye indlela zokulawula zidinga umvelisi ukuba asebenzise izitshizi ezithile ezibhalisiweyo.

Zonke iinkqubo zokutshiza kufuneka zihambelane nemigaqo yephulo le IPW (Integrated Production of Wine), nesekwe ngama volontiya okhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, isekwa ngumbutho South African Wine Industry ngonyaka ka 1998.

Lombutho uhambelana nemigaqo yamazwe-ngamazwe yokukhusela okusingqongileyo kwaye ukhuthaza indlela ekhuselekileyo yokulawula izitshabalalisi. Abavelisi bakhuthazwa ukuba basebenzise iindidi zokulawula ezibulala izitshabalalisi ngendlela ezahlukileyo.

Umzekelo: Izinambuzane zendalo, iincukudu (iintshaba zendalo) imibungu yengcambu (izilwanyana ezibulala izinambuzane) intsholongwane yokungunda ehlasela ngqo izitshabalalisi. Olu lawulo luvamise ukusetyenziswa nezibulali zitshabalalisi ze khemikhali (ezinye zazo zezendalo).

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunciphisa izitshabalalisi okanye izifo kukuhlala kujongwa rhoqo intsimi yediliya kukhangelwe kwa mpawu. Abavelisi baye besebenzisa abahloli bezizifo ukuze bonge. Aba basebenzi baqeqeshelwe ukuhamba phakathi kwee diliya rhoqo bakhangele kwampawu zokuqala zezinambuzane okanye zokosuleleka kokungunda. Kwi zitshabalalisi zangaphantsi komhlaba iimpawu ivamise ukuba kukhula nzima, nokuthi gqa gqa kwi bloko yediliya.

Imithi yediluya ithwala izihlahla ezimbalwa kwaye nomgangatho wazo ubasezantsi. Kwi zitshabalalisi eziphezu komhlaba, impawu ezicacileyo ibayimingxunya kumagqabi, amagqabi amile kakubi kunye nezihlahla zemidiliya kwakunye nencindi emhlophe ebuku khandlela kwizihlahla zemidiliya.

Ukuba akukho mpawu zicacileyo kumagqabi,kwi zihlahla zemidiliya okanye kwimidumba, umlimi wediliya uzakugrumba umngxunya ukuze ajonge iingcambu zezityalo ezingcolisekileyo. Ngexesha kunyangwa isityalo ngesibulali sitshabalalisi, isityalo sizakufunxa letyhefu ze ibulale lentsholongwane okanye isinambuzane ngaphakathi.

Ukuba kusetyenziswe isibulali sitshabalalisi esiphathwayo, isityalo sitshizwa ngekhemikhali sonke ze sithi isinambuzane okanye intsholongwane isaqala ukuzama ukonakalisa isityalo sife.

Igalelo Lemo Yezulu Kwizitshabalalisi

Kukwa balulekile ukwazi ukuba imo yezulu kunye nendawo ingadlala indima enkulu ekuveleni kwezifo kunye nezitshabalalisi. Kwindawo ezingafumanga kakhulu, izifo ezithile zokungunda ziyanqaba, kwelinye icala, indawo ezifume kakhulu okanye ezine mvula ngethuba lokukhula, ezinye izifo zokungunda zingaphembeleleka.

Umjikelo wobomi bezinambuzane uvamise ukuba ngexesha elithile kwaye, ngokufanayo nentwala yediluya, zixhomekeke ngqo kumaqondo obushushu. Indlela ekulinywa ngayo idiliya nayo ingadlala indima ekulawuleni izifo kunye nezitshabalalisi: Ulawulo olulungileyo lwediliya lunganciphisa izifo zokungunda.

Ukunkcenkceshelwa kufuneka kwenziwe ngethuba intsimi yediliya isafumile, umzekelo kwasekuseni. Icala ejongise ngakulo imiqolo kunye noxhaso lwemithi kungadlala indima kuphuhliso lokungena komoya kwakunye nokomisa amagqabi msinya emva kwemvula.

Ukhula lubayindawo yokuhlala nokuzalela kwezinambuzane kunye nezitshabalalisi. Ukusetyenziswa ngokungahoyi kwezibulali zinambuzane kungatshabalalisa iintshaba zendalo zezitshabalalisi.

Translated by Zizipho Silwana