Indima kaMandela yamambala
U-Nelson Rolihlahla (Madiba) yindoda emangaza kwambala, eyatjhugulula umlando weSewula Africa yaletha idemokhrasi esitjhabeni. UNelson Mandela wazalwa ngezi 18 zakaVelabahlinze endaweni encani ebizwa bonyana seMvezo, eduze kwe-Umtata e-Transkei,e-Sewula Africa.
Uyise begade ayinduna yekosi, ebukhosini obukhulu babaThembu. Njengomsana omncani bebamlungiselela bonyana athathe abe yinduna yekosi yaba Thembu naye ,ngemva kobana kuhlongakele uyise ngomyaka ka-1930 , bambeka kobana atlhogonyelwe mzawakhe noloyo ebekadlala indima yokuba mzali wakhe, u- David Dlindyebo ,okekamjaphethe weKosi yaba Thembu.
Asese sekhabapho,bamlungiselela bonyana athathe. Ukukhandela bonyana angatjhadi , uMandela nomzawakhe uJustice bathuthela eJwanisbhege lapha asebenza iskhathi esincani njongonogada webusuku. Ibhudango lakaMandela bekukuba ligcwetha.
Asese seJwanisbhege lapho wahlangana noWalter Sisulu owamkgelebha ukuthola umsebenzi njengomabhalana wama-article efemini yezomthetho. Wathi lapha aqeda iziqu zakhe ze-BA degree ebekazifunda ngeposo ngonyaka ka1941, uMandela wabhalisa eYunivesithi yeWitwatersrand, wabhalisela iziqu zeLLB.
Ijima lokuphikisa okuquntiweko laka-1952
Baboke uWalter Sisulu, Oliver Tambo kanye noNelson Mandela, bakgelebhana ukutlama ihlangano yabatjha ye-African National Congress (ANCYL) ngonyaka ka-1944. Kwathi ngonyaka ka 1948 besele abambe iskhundla sokuba ngunobhala zombelele.
Ngonyaka ka 1949 i- African National Congress (ANC) yasekela ihlelo kambiso i-Programme of Action ayalethwa ku-conference yabo yanyaka nonyaka. Amalungu wehlangano le wokuqina, ofana noMandela noSisulu bakhethwa kuhlelo kambiso le.
UMandela noSisulu bebangathembi iinhlanga ezinye,nofana laba ababengasi bantu abanzima kodwana imibono kaMandela yatjhuguluka ngonyaka ka-1952 ngeskhathi lokha baphikisa lokho okuquntwe ngukgulumende, lapha enziwa khona umsebenzi smahla omkhulu wejima lokuphikisana nokuqintiweko.
Njengenye yemisebenzi yakhe ,bekakhamba iSewula Africa le yoke,atlolisa abasebenzi smahla, ebebazimisele ukuphula imithetho yebandlululo , njengephawu labo lokothoma lokuphikisana nalokho okuquntwe ngurhulumende webandlululo, uMandela Kanye nabasebenzi smahla abayi -51 bathoma ngokuphula imithetho ebeyibabekela bonyana babuye ngasikhathi bani emakhaya.
Ukuhlanganyela kokothoma kwabantu abanzima komthetho
NgoNobayeni ka1952, uMandela no-Oliver Tambo batlama ifemu yezomthetho yokuhlanganiselwa kokuthoma lapha enarheni le.Ngayo yona inyanga leyo, uMandela nabanye abalwelwi bekululeko babanjwa ngaphasi komthetho wobukhomanisi.
Lapha uMandela abotjhwa khona iinyanga ezilithoba, kodwana bawutjhugululela eminyakeni emibili angaphandle kodwana enza umsebenzi obudisi. Iminyaka edlula elithoba bekalokho abekelwe imithetho yokumqotha emibili, godu abekwe njengesekela likaMongameli we-ANC, nanyana bekangakavunyelwa ukuya emihlanganweni yehlangano le ye-ANC. Bekasebenza nestlhopha esincani samalunga we-ANC.
Iqhinga laka-M
UNelson Mandela wadlala indima ekulu ekwakheni i-the M Plan, netjho bona iqhinga likaM nekungethiyelelwe ngaye.Iqhingeli belitlanyelwe isiqhema se-ANC ukobana sikgone ukuqalana nemisebenzi yemitjhotjhaphasi le. Ukuqotjhwa namkhana ukuvalwa umlomo kwenza bonyana kubaluleke bonyana uMadiba asule ehlanganweni le ye-ANC.
Ngokhukhulamungu wonyaka ka1953. Kusukela lapho uMadiba kwatlhogeka bona abuse ngefihlo, ngaphandle kwaphakathi konyaka we-Treason Trail. Ngonobayeni ka-1956 uMandela kanye nabanye abosopololotiki babotjhwa bapharwa ngomlandu we-High Treason. Qitjhe emva kokuphela kweminyaka emihlanu kwenzekile lokho u-Justice Rumpff wathola boke abakgononelwa banganamlandu.
Ekupheleni kwaka-1950 uMandela wabanguMongameli we-ANC Youth League. Ngonyaka ka-1959 i-treason trail besolokho iragela phambili. Ngawo wona unyaka loyo, i-ANC yaluka amano wokuqeda umthetho wokuphathwa kwamapasi. Amano layo aliswa lokha ihlangano ye- Pan African Congress (PAC) imemezela bona izokwenza umtjhagalo wokungafuni bona abantu baphathe amapasa.
Ukumemezelwa kwe-State of Emergency
Ngeminye yemitjhagalo, abantu abanengi babulwa ngesihlungu eSharpeville.Lokhu kwadala bona iihlangano ezimbili i-ANC ne-PAC zivalwe.Urhulumende wamemezela i-state of emergency eveza iinhlangano ezimbilezi njengeziyingozi.
Ngeskhatheso abalwelwi bekululeko ababalelwa ku-1 800, hlangana nabo kunoMandela, babotjhwa ngaphandle kobana babekwe umlandu.ngoNtaka ka-1961 ikhomferensi ye-all in Africa yabanjelwa ePietermaritzburg.
Iinhlangano zepolotiki ezihlukahlukeneko zahlangana .Ukuqothwa kakaMandela kwaphela entambama yekhomferensi leyo, okwamvumela bona avele angakalindelwa khonapho ekhomferensini. Ngemva kwalokho wabekwa njengomabhalane ohlonitjhwako we-the All in National Action Council.
Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana
Ekupheleni kweminyaka we-1950s, uNelson Mandela besele amdosiphambili we hlangano ye-ANC eligini yelutjha azinikele khulu....
UMandela nabanye abahlanu aye sebenza nabo, basuswa e-Robben Island badluliselwa entrogweni ye- Pollsmoor, lapha izimo zakhona bezilulula....