I-Richtersvelders

Abafuyi Abahamba Hambayo

©Roger de la Harpe

Ngo-1957, 'indawo yokugcina abantu abanimibala ehlangene' yaseRichtersveld yanikezwa umngcele obonakalayo wokwakhiwa kocingo oluphakathi kwamazwe omphakathi kanye nemifula 'yendawo' emfuleni nasogwini. Lokhu kwanciphisa ukunyakaza kwabafuyi abahamba hambayo futhi kwabhidliza isiko labo lokufuduka nezifuyo befuna umhlaba onesondlo esingcono.
Ngenxa yalokhu, umhlaba osele wangasalungele isondlo sezifuyo futhi impilo yokugcina imfuyo okwendlela yabalimi bingaqiniseki. Abantu abaningi banqamuka ukusuka emizaneni yabo nasemasimini, bahamba baya emayini, amapulazi, izikebhe zokudoba nasemadolobheni akude ukuze bafune imisebenzi.kwabonakala sengathi Umphakathi weRichtersveld wawufike ekugcineni.
Ngisho nanamuhla, amaNama angaphansi kweshumi azibheka njengabalimi, futhi iningi lalaba asebekhulile. Izindawo zezifuyo ezidala zisakhiwe kodwa, futhi, abantu abadala abavakashelwa yizingane zabo ngezimpelasonto namaholide.
Ngemuva kwalokho, kungukuphila okulukhuni ehlathini. Abelusi abasensimini kufanele baphile namanzi amancane kakhulu, avame ukuba nosawotshana namazinga aphezulu e-fluoride namanye amaminerali angenakulinganiswa. Lokhu kubangela ukukhanya okumhlophe nokumnyama okwenziwe amazinyo, ngezinye izikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi uphawu lokuthengisa lweNamaqualand.

Amalungelo Nezibopho

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, imboni yezimayini yedayimane ogwini yayiphumelele. Ngo-1989, i-Alexander Bay Development Corporation yasungulwa nguhulumeni ukuba ithathe zonke 'izimpahla, izikweletu, amalungelo kanye nezibopho... ZeMigodi kaHulumeni'. Lesi sivumelwano somusa sasihlanganisa ubunikazi bomhlaba ozungeze uMfula i-Orange kanye nawo wonke amadayimane athandekayo kuwo.
Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, le nhlangano yashintshwa yisenzo sephalamende kwasungulwa inkampanini okuthiwa i-Alexcor Limited, enohulumeni njengomnikazi wamasheya kuphela. Izenzo zesihloko ezweni kanye nawo wonke amalungelo amaminerali ahlobene adluliselwe ku-Alexcor ngo-1995.
Kodwa ushintsho lwalukhona emoyeni. Ukhetho lwentando yeningi lwango-1994 lwangena esikhathini esisha sokubuyiselwa komhlaba futhi imiphakathi eminingi elahliwe yaya kuhulumeni omusha ngenxephezelo noma ukucela ukubuyiswa komhlaba. Ngakho-ke, kwenziwa isenzo esisha, esibizwa ngokuthi 'Ukubuyiswa Kwamalungelo Omhlaba Ka 1994'.
Lesi senzo esiyingqopha-mlando senza ukuba imiphakathi noma abantu abathile abakholelwa ukuthi basuswe ngokungenabulungisa ezweni labo ukuze bafake isimangalo somhlaba “sokubuyiswa kwamalungelo ezweni kumuntu noma emiphakathini elahliwe ngamalungelo ngemva kuka-19 June 1913 ngenxa yemithetho eyedlule yokubandlulula ngokobuhlanga noma imikhuba". Izimangalo zomhlaba ezingu-69 000 zafakwa ezweni lonke.

Translated by Nsika Khoza