Ii-alpaca zizilwanyana ezibukufana nezekhaya, kwaye ziphantsi kosapho lwee nkamela zase Mzantsi Melika. Sisigidi seminyaka zisetyenziselwa uboya bazo obuthambileyo, obufudumeleyo nobuhlala ixesha elide. Ii-alpaca zicetywa kube kanye ngonyaka. Zingajika ukutya kube yi wulu kwaye zibonwa njengezona zilwanyana zihamba phambili ekuveliseni uboya.
Iipropathi Zoboya be Alpaca
Uboya be alpaca buthambile kakhulu, bunga bumtyibilizi okwe silk xa ububamba. Kuthiwa bomelele izihlandlo ezihlanu xa buthelekiswa nobegusha, kwaye bude kunoboya obuninzi bendalo. Zizinto ezahlukeneyo ezenza obu boya buthambe kwaye bube buhle. Uboya be alpaca nganye buna ‘maqweqwe’ angaphandle-la abangaphezulu. Ubude bobu bala maqweqwe bumalunga ne 0.04 microns xa buthelekiswa ne 0.08 microns ze wulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba uboya be alpaca buvakala buthambile kunobo be wulu.
Uboya be alpaca abungenwa lula ngamanzi, ilanga kwaye bunemingxinya emincinane engabonakaliyo ngemehlo lenyama, neyikhusela kwingqele.
Abuqulathanga lanolin, neyi oli ekhutshwa zizilwanyana ezivelisa iwulu. Intsalela ye khemikhali edingekayo ukususa ilanolin eboyeni begusha ivamise ukudala ukurhawuzelela njengophawu lwe allergy. Kodwa ke, uboya be alpaca aburhawuzelelisi kwaye bulungele ukusetyenziswa kwiimpahla zamasana nakubantu abanezikhumba ezithambileyo.
Uboya be alpaca bune mibala engama 22 eyohlukeneyo, kunye nezigaba ezohlukeneyo zokuthamba. Ukuthamba kungaba phakathi kwe 16 kunye nama 30 microns. Xa imicron isezantsi uboya buthamba kakhulu. Imibala isenokuba mhlophe, imibala eyahlukeneyo emdaka, ne ngwevu ukuya kwemnyama. Umbala omhlophe ngowona mbala uxhaphakileyo.
Iindidi Zoboya be Alpaca
Zimbini iindidi zoboya be alpaca. Kukho iHuacaya enoboya obuntsofuntsofu oku kobe gusha. Kuphinde kubekho ne Suri enoboya obude obuthambileyo. Uboya be Huacaya bu wavy kwaye buhlala bunjalo ixesha elide. Bulungele ukusetyenziswa ekunitheni.
Uboya be Suri buthande ukufana ne silk ngokuthamba, kwaye kukhethwa bona xa kuveliswa iimveliso zexabiso ezifana nee suit ze alpaca. Uboya be alpaca budinga ukubekwa ngokwezigaba zawo, ukuze bungadibani noboya obuqinileyo. Uboya obuqinileyo bubizwa ngoboya bokugada.
Izinto ezifana ne genetics ezingekho mpilweni, iprotein eninzi ekutyeni kwe alpaca kunye nobudala besilwanyana kungenza uboya besi silwanyana buqine.
Iimveliso Zoboya be Alpaca
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezininzi kwimveliso ezenziwe ngoboya be alpaca. Kuqalwa ngokuchetywa koboya. Uboya be alpaca buchetywa kubekanye ngonyaka, nenyanga ka Septemba okanye eka Okthobha. Kuye kuxhomekeke nokubanga kobusika base Mzantsi Afrika. Zonke ii-alpaca ezindala kunye nee crias (amathole ee-alpaca) ezineenyanga ezintandathu ziye zichetywe ngumchebi oqeqeshiweyo, esebenzisa izixhobo ezibufana nezo zisetyenziswa ukucheba iigusha.
I-cria ivelisa malunge ne 1kg yoboya, logama endala ingavelisa malunge ne 2.5kg nangaphezulu namanye amaxesha.
Obu boya buye buchutywe ngezandla ukususa ameva kunye nengca. Ze uboya obufanayo ngombala bubekwe ndawonye. Abanye abavelisi boboya be alpaca bangadibanisa izicuku zoboya obufanayo. Umzekelo, uboya obuntsundu kwisilwanyana esimhlophe esinebala elintsundu loboya.
Ngaphambi kokuchetywa koboya (okanye emva kokuchetywa) kuye kujongwe uboya obuqinileyo bangaphezulu-nobungaba nobude obungaphaya kwama 30 eemicron-nobuthi bususwe kuboya obuthambileyo be alpaca.
Uboya buye buthunyelwe ukuba buye kulungiswa kwi mill ekwidolophu yase Butterworth eMpuma Koloni. Imitshii esetyenziselwa ukucheba ayinakhu ukulungisa/nokugqubelelisa uboya be alpaca. Uboya buye buhlanjwe kuqala, bonekwe buzomele ze bubekwe ngokufana kwayo. Ngethuba buhlanjwa imibala engafaniyo ayidityaniswa. Emva kokupakisha uboya ngokwemibala nemigangatho, uboya sele bukulungele ukwenziwa iintambo zokunitha kunye nokuthunga.
iGenetics kunye Noboya be Alpaca
Ukufuyela umbala okhethekileyo, kungathanda ukuba nzima, ingakumbi kumbala ongwevu. Luninzi uphando olwenziwayo mayelana nalo mbala, kutsho uAlison Notley, iprezidenti yombutho we South African Alpaca Breeders Society kunye nomnikazi wefama ebizwa nge Helderstroom Alpacas.
Ilizwe lase Australia lenza umsebenzi omninzi ukuphucula umgangatho we genetics zoboya be alpaca; ingakumbi kwizinto ezifana nokunciphisa uboya obungenaku sebenziseka.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana