Vuhumelerisi na Vuxavisi bya Mohair eAfrika Dzonga

Mbuti ya Angora yi keriwa/tsemetiwa kambirhi endzhaku ka 6 wa tinhweti tinwana na tinwana. Ntiko wale xikarhi wa voya byakona bya hambana kuya hi vukhale bya mbuti yoleyo; swimbutani swihumesa kwalomu ka 500g loko switsemetiwa rosungula loko ku pimanyisiwa na timbuti letikulu letinga kwalomu ka 2 kg. Endzhaku ko tsemetiwa, voya bya hlawuriwa, byi pakiwa kutani byi tsariwa kahle na vuxokoxoko na nomboro ya muhumelerisi.

Ku Xavisiwa ka Mohair

N’wamapurasi lontsongo wa mbuti ya Angora anga tirhisa tindzhawu ta mani na mani to tsemetela eka tona kambe lavakulu vanga lulamisa ntlawa wava tsemeti kuva wuva vhakela hinkarhi waku tsemeta. Endzhaku ko tsemeta, mohair yivekiwa himintlawa kuya hiku leha, kutiya na xivumbeko, kutani yi pakiwa xitlhela yitsariwa na vuxokoxoko bya muhumelerisi na ntlawa wa khwalithi. Muhumelerisi wun’wana na wunwana wale nawini wa mohair una nomboro yakwe yo hlawuleka. Yiri yoxe kusuka eka mbuti yinga tika kufikela eka 150 kg. N’wamapurasi lontsongo u fanele kuhlayisa vuxokoxokko bya lebyi anga hoxa byona leswaku ata kota kuva a hakeleriwa byona.
Ti bales tiyisiwa eka muxavisi, loyi angata maketa mohair kutani ayi xavisa eka ti auction, letivaka kona kuringana kwalomu ka 14 wa minkarhi hi lembe eka Wool and Mohair Exchange e Port Elizabeth. Ti bales tita hambanyisiwa kuya hi swiave na swikombiso swa xiphemu xin’wana na xin’wana kuva swiya kombetiwa vaxavi. Muxavi uta xava ‘lot' ya voya (lebyi vuriwaka ‘greasy’) kutani aya byitirhisa ku endla swokarhi. Leswi swikatsa ku byi hlantswa, ku byi hlawulela no paka, byi kamiwa, byi omisiwa, byi pendiwa, byi rhungiwa kutani byiya humelerisa xilo lexi endliwaka. Vaxavi lava xavaka ku endla vuhumelerisi laha Afrika Dzonga va endla kwalomu ka 5% kasi 95% ya mohair yi xaviseriwa ematikweni yale handle. Matiko yakulu yanharhu lawa Afrika Dzonga yi xaviselaka wona yakatsa China, Italy na Taiwan.
Sweswi (2018) kuna vaxavi lavakulu va 5, vaxavisi vanharhu na kwalomu ka 30 eka swavumaki. Switirhisiwa swotala swa mohair swihumelerisiwa laha Afrika Dzonga kukatsa na masokisi, minkumba, duvets, xikhafu kukatsa na swiambalo swotala na swokhavisa swotala. Ematikweni yale handle, mohair yitirhisiwa hi vamaki va fexeni ku endla tisuti to durha swinene na swiambalo swin’wana. Vaphakeri va mohair va Afrika Dzonga vanyikela hi vuxokoxoko bya timakete bya industry na vafuwi va timbuti ta Angora.

Tinhlayo Nhlayo ta Mohair eAfrika Dzonga

Mohair yi humelerisiwa eka tindzhawu letinga oma tale USA nale Australia xikan’we nale Lesotho, kambe Afrika Dzonga yi humesa kwalomu ka 53% wa mohair leyi humelerisiwaka emisaveni hinkwayo. Ntsengo wa mohair hinkwayo leyi humelerisiwaka wukwalomu ka R529 million hi 2015. Vuhumelerisi bya 2015 (2 500 tons) abyi hungutekile swinene loko ku pimanyisiwa na bya 2006 laha tinhlayo atiri eka 3 700 tons. Lexinga hoxa xandla eka kuhunguteka loku akuri dyandza ra matimba leringava eka tindzhawu totala ta vuhumelerisi e xifundzheni xa Eastern Cape. Hi 2006 nxavo wa mohair akuri R78/kg loko ku pimanyisiwa na 2018 laha wunga fika eka R250/kg.

Swiphiqo hi Vuhumelerisi bya Mohair

Afrika Dzonga yahari (2018) e hansi ka ntshikelelo swinene wa dyandza eka swiphemu swotala swa tiko laha kuhumelerisiwaka mohair. Tindzhawu tin’wana tikume mpfula leyi ayi laveka, kambe vahumelerisi van’wana vaha tirhisa mal yotala swinene kuva vakuma swakudya swo engetela (na kuswifambisa) kuva va hlayisa swifuwo swa vona. Hambiswiritano, kahari na kulaveka lokukulu ka mohair naswona leswi timakete atiri kahle swinene eka ti auction tintsongo leti hundzeke. Swiphiqo swin’wana swa industry ya mohair laha Afrika Dzonga swikatsa nhlayo yale hansi nyana ya switirhisiwa kuva swifika hinkarhi, ntsengo wale henhla waku lunghisa muchini, vutivi byintsongo bya leswi akiwaka xikan’we na milawu ya mintirho leyi amukelaka vuhumelerisi bya nguva.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni