Dragon fruit, awutlhela wutiveka tani hi pitaya, i muhandzu wa nsinya wa cactus, lowu humaka mabilomu navusiku. Wubyariwa kumbe kumila eka tindzhawu ta tropical na subtropical emisaveni hinkwayo, kubyariwa ka swimilani swa wona swile ku andzeni swinene laha tikweni ra Afrika Dzonga, tiko leri ringa ku ndlandlamuxeni kuxavisela matiko mambe hi muhandzu lowu wotsokombela swonghasi.
Vuhumelerisi bya Dragon Fruit Emisaveni Hinkwayo
Mihandzu yotala ya dragon yi humelerisiwa ematikweni yale Northern Hemisphere. Leswi swivula leswaku kukumeka ka muhandzu lowu kusuka e tikweni ra Afrika Dzonga swi endleka loko mphakelo wa wona wuri ehansi eka timakete tale Europe na US.
Dragon fruit yi humeleriseriwa ku xavisiwa ematikweni ya Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, China nale Israel, kambe ya byariwa nale Central America (Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala). Tiko ra Vietnam rihumelerisa (95%) wa mihandzu ya pink endzeni loko matiko ya Ecuador na Colombia ya veke tihlo eka tinxaka taleyi ya nhlonge ya xitshopani kambe yiva yo basa endzeni.
Vietnam, ri landzeriwa hi Thailand na Israel, lawa yanga wona vaphakeri lavakulu swinene va muhandzu wa dragon fruit, laha ku humelerisiwaka kwalomu ka 600 000 wati tonnes hi lembe.
Xiphemu lexikulu xa dragon fruit lexi humelerisiwaka yi dyiwa e Asia, ngopfu ngopfu hi rixaka ra ma China lava vanga dyi vakulu va muhandzu wa dragon fruit, hikokwalaho ka kutshemba ka leswaku muhandzu lowu wutisela rifumo hikokwalaho ka vito rawona ra dragon fruit, xivumbeko na muhlovo. Mihandzu yotala ya dragon fruit yitirhisiwa eka switirhisiwa swin’wana.
Tindzhawu ta Vuhumelerisi bya Dragon Fruit e Afrika Dzonga
Maxelo ya tiko ra Afrika Dzonga yo kufumela ya kahle swinene eka muhandzu ya dragon fruit, lowu tsakelaka mahiselo yale xikarhi ka 21°C - 29°C, kambe ncheleto lowu ringaneleke kumbe mpfula yale xikarhi ka 650 mm na 1 200 mm wa laveka. Dragon fruit wu chava ngopfu miseve ya dyambu na gwitsi. Dragon fruit yikula kahle eka maxelo lawa ma-avocado, bananas na macadamia nuts swibyariwaka kona naswona swilulamela vuhumelerisi bya swibyariwa leswi. Tindzhawu ta vuhumelerisi na maendlelo swinga tirhisiwa naswona ntshovelo wunge hundzeriwi.
Dragon fruit yi byariwa e Natal Midlands nale tindzhawini tale kusuhi swinene na lwandle e KwaZulu Natal, tindzhawu ta Lowveld kusuka e Nelspruit kuya e Tzaneen, Eastern Cape nale Western Cape. Nsimu yikulu swinene ya muhandzu wa Dragon fruit leyi byariweke e Afrika Dzonga yikumeka e Dendron nale Louis Trichardt exifundzheni xa Limpopo.
Kuya hi Max van Heerden wa Dragon Fruit South Africa (DFSA), vuhumelerisi bya dragon fruit e Afrika Dzonga byahari byintsongo laha kungova na 100 tonnes leti humelerisiwaka hi lembe (2019). Nhlayo yotala ya mihandzu leyi xi yisiwa ematikweni mambe hi xihaha-mphfuka, laha ku salaka nhlayo yintsongo leyi dyiwaka laha kaya. Hambiswiritano, vuhumelerisi byo xavisa bya dragon fruit e Afrika Dzonga byi languteriwe ku tlakuka exikarhi ka malembe ya 2019 na 2021 tani hileswi kunga ku byariweni ka misinya yotala.
Afrika Dzonga ri xavisela matiko yale handle dragon fruit, hi xitalo e Europe, kambe ritlhela ri xavisela nale Far East nale USA loko vuhumelerisi byi tlakuka.
Tinguva ta Dragon Fruit
Dragon fruit yitshoveriwa e Afrika Dzonga kusukela hi November kuya eka March. Loko swimilani swa dragon fruit swahari swintsongo, swikota ku humelerisa kusukela hi January kuya eka March, kambe loko ximilani xiya yikula, xiva na nguva yoleha ya mihandzu.
Dragon fruit kusuka e Western Cape nale N’walungwini wa xifundzha xa Mpumalanga wunga humelerisa kusuka hi May na June, kambe nguva ya dragon fruit endzeni ka tiko ra Afrika Dzonga yi hela hi April.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni