Tinxaka Totala ta Tinguluve

wa-Kolbroek

©Jens-Birger Gielbelmann of Zenzele Farm

The Kolbroek is an indigenous South African breed that looks as if it is wearing spotted pants.

Muxaka wa Kolbroek i muxaka walaha kaya e Afrika Dzonga. Kuna kuhleketeleriwa kotala swinene loko swita eka ntumbuluko wa muxaka lowu nahileswi vito ra yona ringa tisa swona, tani hi vito leri vulaka swicoticoti swayona emirini tani hi rito ra Afrikaans “Kolbroek” lerivulaka “spotted pants” hi English.
Muxaka lowu wuhumelerisiwa ngopfu hikuva wutala kutifamba fambela, wa olova naswona wutala kuti hlotela swakudya naku kota ku hanya hiswakudya leswintsongo leswinga kona. Kuya hi buku ya David Visser, Modern Pig Production, tinguluve leti tidya xin’wana na xin’wana lexidyekaka, kungava kuri mihandzu leyingawa a nsinyeni, matsavu lawa yanga sala exitangeni, masalela ya swimilani kusuka exirhapeni naswin’wana. Muhlovo wa wona lowo dzwihala wuendla leswaku tikarhatiwa swinene hidyambu kutlula leti ta muhlovo wobasa.
Leti ta xisati ti endla vamhani vakahle eka vana vatona. Loko swita eka kutswala titswala kwalomu ka swingulubyana swohambana kusuka eka 6 kuya eka 9. Loko tihlanganisiwile na muxaka wa Duroc na Large White tihumesa swingulubyana leswi kulaka kahle swinene, swidyaka kahle xikan’we na nyama na ntsumbu wa khwalithi. Nyama ya Kolbroek hiyoxe ayi laveki ngopfu e makete hikokwalaho ka swihlawulekisi bya yona na leswi vuriwaka hi yona, kambe swilanguteka kuri na kutlakuka ka kulaveka ka nyama ya tinguluve leti famba fambaka emakaya.

wa-Piètrain

©Liezel Grobler, SA Stud Book

The Piètrain are primarily crossed with other breeds to improve meat yield.

Muxaka lowu wale xikarhi hi sayizi wobasa na mavala yantima wutumbuluke emugangeni wa Piètrain, e Belgium. Wuna milenge yokoma kutlula tinxaka totala naswona wubumburile hi xivumbeko xikan’we na nhlana wo anama. Voya bya yona bya ntima abyina muhlovo wa xiviri hikokwalaho ka swicoticoti.
Muxaka lowu wa Pietrains wosungula wutisiwile laha tikweni ra Afrika Dzonga hi lembe ra 1997. Ya xinuna yakona yina timayisele naswona yiringanerile ku andzisa loko yiri na tinhweti ta nhungu. Titala kutirhisiwa eka tinxaka tinwana leswaku tita antswisa mbuyelo wa nyama. Ya xisati yona ayi hundzuki mhani wa kahle eka swingulubyana.

wa-Large Black

©Liezel Grobler

There are hardly any purebred Large Black pigs still available.

Muxaka wa Large Black wukulu swinene naswona iwa muxaka wantima, wutlhela wuva na tindleve letikulu lowu tumbulukaka e Old English Hog lowungava kona hiva 16th na 17th centuries. Akuri muxaka wosungula kutisiwa laha e Afrika Dzonga kwalomuya ka malembe yava 1910 naswona akuri muxaka wa ndhuma laha tikweni kufikela kuva na leti antswisiweke ta muxaka wobasa tisungula kukumeka. Aswitshembisi leswaku swikombiso swa muxaka lowu swahari kona laha tikweni.
Muxaka lowu wukahle kufuyiwa naku tshikiwa wuti famba fambela, tani hileswi tinga tiya, ativileli naswona tikota kuti lavela swakudya. Natona tichava dyambu swinene loko kupimanyisiwa na leti ta muxaka waleti tobasa. Leti ta xisati tiendla vamhani vakahle swinene, titlhela tikota kumamisa vana vayona.
Eka malembe lawa yotala, nyama yayona yive na swivulavula hikokwalaho ka muhlovo wa yona wantima, leswi endlaka leswaku vaku yina xinyama swinene leswi swiendle leswaku yinga tsakeriwi hi varhandzi vanyama ya nguluve. Makete lowuntsongo wa Large Blacks naku hlanganisiwa katona kungava kahari kona ngopfu ngopfu eka ndzhavuko, swakudya swononoka naku tihandzela swakudya.

wa-Hampshire

The Hampshire has lost favour because of it carrying a gene that negatively affects meat quality.

Muxaka wa Hampshire lowu sukaka eka muxaka wa khale wa English. Leyi i nguluve yantima leyingana muvala wobasa laha makatleni naswona minkarhi yin’wana nalaha emakatleni nkarhi wun’wana kuya fika emilengeni yale emahlweni. Nhamu ya muxaka lowu yilehile kutlula totala leti xavisiwaka.
Muxaka lowu wutisiwe rosungula e Afrika Dzonga himinkarhi yava 1980s kuva wutisa muxaka wuntshwa eka kuhlanganisiwa ka tinxaka. Hambi leswi yaha kumekaka eka mapurasi yotala e United States, muxaka lowu wulahlekele hinantswo ematikweni ya Europe, Canada xikan’we nalaha Afrika Dzonga hikokwalaho ka muhlovo wa yona wantima xikan’we nakuva yiri na vuxaka lebyingana ndhuma yakuva kunga humi khwalithi yakahle ya nyama.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni