Ti Bacteria na Mavabyi

Crown gall i bacteria leyinga toloveleka swinene eka mavabyi ya madiriva naswona yihumelela ngopfu eka misinya leyinga eka tindzhawu ta milambu ya Olifants na Orange River. Swikoweto swa crown gall swikatsa kuvonaka ka galls eka tshindi ra nsinya ekusuhi swinene nalaha nsinya wuhlanganaka na misava kona. Yellow-gray galls na kupandzeka swavonaka eka mahanti ay nsinya kusuhi nalaha ku hlanganaka marhavi. Endzhaku ka nkarhi gall yihundzuka ya buraweni. Crown gall yihangalasiwa hi mati na switirhisiwa swale mapurasini.
Yi lawuriwa hiku tirhisa rhavi kumbe xirho xinwana xa nsinya lexi tsarisiweke kuva xikume mati yo hisa tani hi vutshunguri. Ti galls tinga fayiwa laha swilondza swakona swifaneleke kuva switshunguriwa hi koporo. Mavabyi ya nghozi yanga kumeka eka ndzhawu yinwana na yinwana laha ku byariwaka madiriva naswona kukumeka ka yona swiya hi xitsongwatsongwani lexinga eka nsinya walowo. Swirho swa nsinya swinga susiwa xitsongwatsongwani lexi hiku tshunguriwa hiku hisiwa. Kulawuriwa ka xitsongwatsongwani lexi hi khemikali aswikoteki kambe swina nkoka ku lawula mealy bug hikuva yi hangalasa mavabyi emisinyeni ya madiriva.

Mavabyi Yaku Songa Songana ka Matluka

Vuvabyi bya kusonga songana ka matluka ya mudiriva byikumeka ngopfu eka tinxaka ta Cabernet, Merlot na Chardonnay, kambe tinxaka ta lawo basa wotani hi Cape Riesling na Semillon nawona ya hlaseriwa hi mavabyi lawa. Swikoweto swa mavabyi lawa aswivonaki hi ximun’wana, kambe kusukela hi November, matluka ya tinxaka ta lawa yotshuka ya cinca muhlovo kuya eka ku tshuka nakuva ya sungula ku songa songana. Hambi swiritano minsiha ya tluka yitama yahari rihlaza.
Eka muxaka wa lawa yobasa swikoweto aswi vonaki ngopfu kambe matluka nawona ya petsekela ehansi. Swina nkoka kulawula vusokoti xikanwe na ti mealy bugs hikuva swihoxa xandla eka kuhangalasa xitsongwatsongwana xaku petseka ka matluka. Ndzhawu leyi hambanyisaka laha kungana vuvabyi na laha byingariki kona ya hlohleteriwa naswona switirhisiwa swifanele kuva swifafazeriwa kuva swibasisiwa loko swiri karhi swi suka eka ndzhawu yinwana kuya eka yinwana.

Mavabyi ya Shiraz

Mavabyi ya Shiraz yakumeka eka Merlot, Shiraz, Malbec na Gamay naswona yavangiwa hi ‘grapevine virus A’. Mvabyi lawa yatlhele ya voniwa eka Viognier. Yanga vonaka hikuva ya endla onge i rhaba, droopy canes letinga vupfeki hambi ku mila ka swirhabyana swa hlwela swinene. Swichocho swa madiriva swiva swintsongo kumbe swingavi kona nakanwe. Matluka na misiha swicinca swiva purple hi muhlovo naswona matluka ya dzudeka endzhaku ka nkarhi woleha. Akuna vutshunguri bya mavabyi lawa naswona misinya ya madiriva ya fa endzhaku ka malembe ya nharhu kuya eka ntlhanu.
Yahangalaka hi ntumbuluko eka masimu ya madiriva, kambe grapevine mealy bug yi hoxa xandla swinene eka kuhangalasa mavabyi ya Shiraz. Vulavisisi byikomba leswaku vuvabyi lebyi byinga herisiwa hivutshunguri byo hisiwa kusuka eka xirho xa ximilani lexinga sungula na wona. Misinya leyinga hlaseriwa ya susiwa yihisiwa.

Mavabyi Yanwana

Kuna mavabyi yotala swinene yohambanana naswona yanwana lawa yahaku kumekaka eka misinya ya madiriva i mavabyi ya Aster Yellows. Chardonnay ngopfu ngopfu hiyona yixanisiwaka swinene hi mavabyi lawa. Swikoweto swa ‘Aster Yellows’ swikatsa ku khonyana ka matluka emasunguleni ya nguva. Matluka ya leto basa ya cinca yava xitshopani kasi eka leto tshuka matluka yava yotshuka. Matluka ya bumbule kutlula hintolovelo, yatsindziyela xikanwe naku songa songana yaya ehansi.
Swirhabyani aswikuli nakona swa tondova. Lawa i mavabyi ya khombo swinene nakona hinkateko, yahumelela eka tindzhawu tintsongo, se swina nkoka kuvika swikoweto swoka swinga tolovelekangi eka masimu ya madiriva eka va VinPro. Vulavisisi lebyinga endliwa ekusunguleni byikomba leswaku byinga hundzisiwa hi tinjiya. Matluka lawa yanga hlaseriwa yafanele kususiwa laha endzhaku ka nguva misinya hinkwayo yifaneleke kususiwa na timintsu ta yona hinkwato.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni