Nhlamuselo
Pinot noir i madiriva ya ntima lawa ya fambelanaka no endla wayeni yo durha swinene laha misaveni xikanwe na ti sparkling wine. Vito leri risukela eka marito ya xi-French leswivulaka “pine” and “black”, leswisukelaka eka xivumbeko xa xichocho xa madiriva lexi fanaka swinene na pine cone kasi ntima wona wusukela eka muhlovo wa madiriva.
Pinot noir yitshembiwa kuva yiri yona yakhale swinene eka ndyangu wa Pinot. Kupimanyetiwa leswaku kungava kuri na kwalomu ka 20 wa tinxaka ta Pinot noir leti kumekaka, laha Pinot gris na Pinot blanc tibyariwaka laha Afrika Dzonga hambi leswi kungana nhlayo yintsongo swinene.
Ntumbuluko
Pinot noir yisungule kubyariwa e Burgundy France kusukela eka Century yosungula. Ku duma ka yona swifananisiwa ngopfu na Cistercian monks tale Burgundy, lava himinkarhi ya ti Middle Ages, vanga yi byala eka masimu yavona yotala hinkwako laha vanga fika vatshama kona.
Kutlula kwalomu ka dzana, ti monks leti tikote kuva na matimu lawa yanga tiyisisiwa laha vanga tlhela vatsala na laha masimu yavona aya kula hakona. Ti monks leti hindlela yinwani tikote ku endla swiviko swa miasava hinkwayo swantshovelo laha kunga vuya kusungula ndlela yosungula ya wayeni leyi kombaka vuntsongo na vukulu bya xiyimo eka ndzhawu leyi laha switivekaka tani hi “terroir”, kunga laha yibyariwaka kona.
Masimu lawa ayari ya tikereke yavuye yanyikeriwa mindyangu e Burgundy hinkarhi lowu akuri naku cinca e France hiva 1789. Hambi leswi kunga swimila swo karhata kuswibyala, vuhumelerisi byi vuye byi kula kuya nale ka matiko yanwana endzhaku ka malembe tani hileswi vahumelerisi va wayeni ava ringeta kuva vakuma khwalithi yofana naleyi yifananisiwaka na ti wayeni tale Burgundy.
Pinot noir yikote kusuka eka xiyimo xavu 13 kuya eka vu 7 watiwayeni letinga byariwa exikarhi ka malembe ya 1990 na 2010.
Mavito Yan’wana
Muxaka lowu wutiveka tani hi Spätburgunder e Germany, Brazil nale Canada; Pinot Nero kumbe Blauburgunder e Greece, Hungary nale Italy; kumbe Burgundac ematikweni ya United States na Yugoslavia.Vuhumelerisi e Afrika Dzonga
Professor Abraham Izak Perold u kote kuyisa wayeni ya Swiss BK5 Pinot noir kwalomuya ka malembe yava 1920s kasi Muratie e Stellenbosch yive yona ndzhawu yosungula ku byala swimilani leswi hi 1927.
Swimilani leswi swihluphekile swineneeka tindzhawu tinwana handle ka Stellenbosch, hikokwalaho kaleswi yinga ndzhawu leyi ngana vuswikoti byo humelerisa wayeni kungari khwalithi ya wayeni. Ma endlelo lawa yanga vuya ya tirhisiwa hiva 1950s, aya sivela ku ndlandlamuka ka vuhumelerisi.
Exikarhi ka malembe ya 1970s, Tim Hamilton Russel wa Hamilton Russel Wines e Hemel-en-Aarde Valley uve na xiave xikulu kupfula tindlela to kombeta vuswikoti bya ntiyiso bya Pinot Noir e tikweni, laha anga vuya a humelerisa wayeni leyi anga landzeleli maendlele lawa aya vekiwile xikanwe na leswaku muxaka wa madiriva lawa ayari kona aya fanele kuya endla tiwayeni ta sparking kungari wayeni ya ntolovelo.
Hikutirhisana na muendli kulori wa wayeni,Peter Finlayson, Russel u kombisile leswaku Hemel-en-Aarde Valley yilulamerile kuhumelerisa Pinot noir. Muxaka wa Dijon wuntshwa, wululamerile kuhumelerisa tiwayeni ta kahle tantolovelo, leti nga kona e Afrika Dzonga hiva 1990s.
Kusukela kuve naku cinca eka mahumeleriselo ya wayeni ya khwalithi, letintshwa tivuye tihumelerisiwa eka tindzhwau tinwana tintshwa kukatsa no humelerisa tinwana tohambana, ku katsa na Elgin, Doring Bay nale Franschoek. Prof Perold u katse Pinot noir na Cinsaut ku kota kuhumelerisa tiwayeni ta xi Afrika Dzonga, Pinotage.
Tindzhawu ta Vuhumelerisi
Ndzhawu leyinga e hansi ka Pinot noir e Afrika Dzonga yikurile swinene kusuka eka 0,8% wa ndzhawu hinkwayo leyingana madiriva yo endla wayeni kuya eka 1,2% hi 2016. Minsinya leyi yibyariwile eka tindzhawu hinkwato tavuhumelerisi, laha ndzhawu yikulu yikumekaka e Cape South Coast, yilandzeriwa hi Stellenbosch, Robertson na Paarl. Muxaka lowu wukota kukondzelela eka tindzhawu to titimela laha misava yakona yinga fuwa hi lime.Ku Kula
Pinot noir yina nsinya lowunga kuleku ngopfu. Vuswikoti bya vuhumelerisi byisukela eka 8 t/ha kuya eka 14 t/ha,kambe yifanele yinga kuli hinhlayo leswaku yitaka yinga lahlekeriwi hi khwalithi ya wayeni.Ku Vupfa
Madiriva yakona yahatlisa ku vupfa exikarhi ka nguva, kusuka eka hafu yosungula ya February.Mihandzu
Mihandzu yakona yintsongo swinene, yiva naxivumbeko xa oval na mihlovo leyi sukelaka eka violet-blue kuya eka purple na ntima. Nhlonge yakona yivevukile swinene kambe yitiyile kasi swale ndzeni swavevuka, swinyanganya nova na juzi yakahle.Matluka
