Ku Lawuriwa ka Swingulubyani Leswi Lumuriwaka na Leswi Kulaka

Xiphemu lexi xi fambelana naku hlayisiwa ka swingulubyani leswahaku tswariwaka xikanwe naleswikulu nyana leswi kulaka.
Hi xitalo, van’wamapurasi vatinguluve lavantshwa ava switivi leswaku swingulubyani swa manguva lawa swa ti genes letinga antswisiwa swina kwalomu ka 10 wa mavhiki kuva swikula mirii na marhambu leswi swipfumelelaka leswaku swisuka eka ntiko wotswariwa wa 1 kuya eka 1.5 kg kuya eka ntiko wo dlawa wa 90 kg kumbe kutlula hi 6 wa tinhweti ntsena. Leswi swihumelela ehansi ka xiyimo xa kahle xo phamela, mahiselo, kuhunga ka moya, mabaselo, ntshamiseko, nsivelo wa mavabyi na vutshunguri, kulawuriwa ka ti parasite na stockmanship.
‘Stockmanship’ swivula vuswikoti bya n’wamapurasi loyi akotaka ku twisisa mahungu lawa tinguluve tinwi kombaka wona, hi tona, kuya eka vahlayisi vatona. Leswi kungava kuri hi leswivonakalaka, mpfumawulo, nuhelo, mahiselo na moya, ku ala swakudya, vulongo ehansi xikan’we naku fetetela ka tinguluve. Nxaxameto wu lehile naswona munhu loyi a landzelerisaka u ta hatlisa a swivona.

Kulumuriwa ka Swingulubyani

Ku tiyisisa leswaku kuna vuhumelerisi byo antswa, nhweti yosungula endzhaku kaku lumuriwa ka swingulubyani yina nkoka naswona swifanele ku tekeriwa enhlokweni swinene.
Hambi kuri eka vukhale byaku lumuriwa bya 6 wa mavhiki, xingulubyani xitsoniwa mbuyelo wa ntshamiseko endyangwini xahari xintsongo kutlula loko xilumuriwa hi nguluve hi yoxe. Xivangelo xaku hatla kulumuriwa ikuva kulava ku nyikiwa nguluve nkarhi waku vuyelela loko yinga se tlhelerisiwa eka ya xinuna. Ya xisati yilanguteriwa ku tswala kambirhi hi lembe, kambe yitala kuva yilava cycle yin’we ntsena ya mavhiki yanharhu kuva yi vuyelela eka xiyimo xayona.
Vukhale byaku lumula abyi vekiwangi naswona kuna mimbuyelo eka ‘split-weaning’. Leswi swivula ku tekiwa ka swingulubyani swotiyela leswi mamaku ngopfu kuya eka yindlu yo lumulela kona hiku hatlisa kutlula swinwana. Hikuva ku pfumaleka mphikizani, swingulubyani leswi ntsongo swikota ku mama masi yotala.
Maendlelo yo lumula yatisa ntshikelelo eka swingulubyani hiti ndlela totala:
Swingulubyani switsoniwa mphakelo wa masi lawa yanga fuwa hi swakudya, lawa ya kumekaka awara yin’wana na yin’wana loko nguluve yi humesa masi.
Swifanela ku tolovela ndzhawu yintshwa, swibye swophamela na huwa.
Swingulubyani swikatsiwa na swinwana leswi lumuriwaka naswona swingava se switoloverile ndzhawu hikuva swilwa.
Loko swingulubyani swo hambana hi vukhale swihlanganisiwa, kuva na kuhangalaka kuntshwa ka mavabyi nati parasites, swiphiqo swa immune system eka swingulubyani leswi swaha kufikaka.

Maendlelo yo Lumula

©National Pork Board, USA

Milawu ya Afrika Dzonga yi lava leswaku swifuwo hinkwaswo switiviwa, leswivulaka leswaku swiva na ntsariso wa makanja e tindleveni ta tinguluve. Nomboro kumbe code yitafana na makanja lawa yanga eka n’winyi wa tihomu. Nomboro leyi yi humesiwa hiva Theft Unit of SAPS naswona yilava leswaku kutatiwa ti fomo kutani ku hakeleriwa code. Dokodela wa swiharhi nayena anga pfuna. Manedlelo lawa yaku lumula yanga katsa nsawutiso xikan’we na vutshunguri bya mange hi injection. Ku tsemiwa ka ncila na meno aswina nkoka kambe injection ya iron swifanele ku nyikeriwa eka vhiki rosungula ra vutomi bya swona.

Nhlayiso wa Leswi Lumuriwaka

Milawu leyikulu ya mufuwi wa tinguluve ikuva a hlayisa swingulubyani leswi lumuriwaka hiku swiendlela “nursery”, leyingale tlhelo, yo hlayiseka naswona yitekeriwa enhlokweni hi muhlayisi, loyi afanelaka a tiyisisa leswaku swingulubyani leswi swi omile, swa kufumela, switshamisekile, swibasile naswona swiphameriwa kahle.
Hikokwalaho ka makulelo na nkoka wa ntsumbu lowu languteriweke swiya hi vukhale bya yona, swina nkoka leswaku leswi lumuriwaka swiphameriwa swakudya swa kahle hixitalo. Xigayo xin’wana na xinwana xingava na swakudya swa swingulubyani leswi lumuriwaka leswingana 18% kuya eka 20% wati protein, eka swakudya kumbe hindlela ya pellet. Swinga durha kambe i vuvekisi bya kahle eka mufuwi wa tinguluve.

Nhlayiso wa Leswi Kulaka

Marito lawa ya teke ndzhawu ya lawa yak hale ‘fatteners’ hi English naswona ya tirhisiwa eka swingulubyani leswaha kulumuriwaka leswingana 10 kuya eka 12 wa mavhiki hi vukhale.
Leswi swaha kulaka aswilavi swakudya swotala. Swaswona iku dya sweswi mufuwi aswi nyikaka swona, ntsena loko swinga hlangananga na thyaka, mould kumbe plastic. Ntsengo wa 16% wati protein wufanele wuva eka swakudya leswi humaka eka mavhenhele ya swakudya, ya msai, nalaha vaxavisaka matsavu. Swakudya leswinga sala swa khale swinga tirhisiwa ku engetelelea swakudya leswi ringaneleke kunga tatiwi ti carbohydrates. Unga ti phameli ngopfu ti carbohydrate. Swigayo swin’wana swinga nyika swakudya swo engetelela.
Hikuva tinguluve tinga dya swin’wana na swin’wana, aswivuli leswaku tinga nyikiwa swin’wana na swin’wana kuva tidya. Loko swakudya swi antswa ti kula kahle na ntsumbu wakona wuva eka xiyimo xa kahle.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni