Dr Peter Magubane, muteki wa swinepe na mahungu wotiveka swinene emisaveni hinkwayo, u velekiwe hiti 18 January 1932 e Vrededorp laha anga kulela e Sophiatown. U hlohleteriwe swinene hi tata wakwe kuva a teka swinepe, loko tata wakwe loyi a xavisa mihandzu an’wi xavele Kodak Brownie camera loko Peter ahari nwana wa xikolo.
Ntirho wakwe wo teka swinepe wusungule hinkarhi wa Afrika Dzonga loko yi lwela ntshuxeko. Ntirho wa ximfumo wa Dr Peter Magubane wo teka swinepe wusungule hi 1955 endzhaku kaloko atava a sungule kutirha eka Drum magazine tani hi muchayeri na ntsumi. Anga hlwelangi kutikumela ntirho tani hi mupfuneti e darkroom ya Jurgen Schadeberg.
Ntirho wakwe wosungula akuri kuya teka swinepe eka nhlengeletano ya 1955 ya African National Congress. A tirhisa camera yakwe ku teka swinepe swa ntokoto naku hlupheka ka vantima va Afrika Dzonga hinkarhi wa xihlawuhlawu. Swinepe leswi swifikelele misava hinkwayo ya vuteki bya mahungu laha aswi kombeta xihlawula mbala lexi axi humelela laha Afrika Dzonga hinkarhi walowo.
Lexi i xitori xa wanuna wa kahle swinene loyi atwa kuvava swinene loko swinwani swa swinepe swayena swinga fikeleli vateki va mahungu va misava hikuva phorisa rin’wi tekele filimi ya camera kutlula kuva phorisa rinwana rinwi tshove nhompfu.
Peter ari kona ku hlayisa leswi aswi humelela hi camera ya yena loko ku kombisiwa kuvilela ehenhla ka milawu ya mapasi, ku humelela ka Umkhonto we Sizwe, ku khomiwa ka Nelson Mandela rosungula, Rivonia Trial, naku yirisiwa ka ANC, madzolonga ya Sharpeville, ku tlakuka ka vandla ra Steve Biko ra Black Consciousness Movement, xikanwe na mpfilu mpfilu wa machudeni ya Soweto.
Eka madzolonga ya machudeni e Soweto ubyele machudeni lava ava kombisa kuvilela leswaku “A struggle without documentation is no struggle”. Hikuva a hoxe xandla eka madzolonga yale Soweto, yindlu yakwe yitshwile hindzilo naswona uvuye aya pfaleriwa na vateki va mahungu vanwana va vantima kuringana 123 wa masiku.
Xikombelo xa yena xa 1957 xa leswaku ava xirho xa ntlawa wa lavobasa va Photographic Society of South Africa xivuye xi ariwa. Kutani vateki va swinepe va Drum vavuye va sungula nhlangano wopfumala xihlawula mbala wa Progressive Photographic Society hi 1961. Dr Magubane ari mutekiwa swinepe wosungula e Afrika Dzonga kuva na nkombiso wa yena.
Vathori vakwe eka Rand Daily Mail van’wi akele darkroom ya kwe. Milawu ya tiko ra Afrika Dzonga hinkarhi walowo ayinga pfumeli leswaku a tirhisa darkroom yinwe na vatirhi kulobye vakwe va valungu. Ari muteki wa swinepe wosungula wa wantima eka phepha hungu leri naswona a thoriwile kusukela hi 1967 kuya fikela 1980. Leswi aswi katsa na 5 wa malembe lawa ayirisiwile kufikela hi 1975. Hinkarhi lowu utekiwe a vekiwa khotsweni laha a tshama ari yexe kuringana 98 wa masiku na ntsevu wa tinhweti.
Dr Magubane utlhele a langutana no xanisiwa swinene, ku bukuteriwa, timbanga ta matlulu ya xibalesa, nkarhi woleha waku khotsiwa naku xanisiwa ari ekhotsweni. U baleseriwile kuringana ka 17 eka nkosi wa xichudeni e Natalspruit. U tshamile 586 wa masiku apfaleriwe ari yexe e khotsweni hi 1969.
A tshama a tumbetile camera yakwe a tumbetela maphorisa. A yi tumbeta endzeni ka bibele leyi ayi susiwe maphepha endzeni, endzeni ka jazi rakwe, eka carton ya meleke kumbe endzeni ka hafu ya xinwa. A endla onge udya xinkwa kasi ule ku tekeni ka swifaniso. U tshamile nkarhi nyana e London emasunguleni yava 1960s naswona a tirhela Time magazine exikarhi ka 1978 na 1980.
Utlhele aya tshama nyana e New York kusukela hi 1980. Utlhele a tirha eka maphepha hungu yofana na National Geographic, Life, New York Times, Washington Post, Paris Match na Sports Illustrated. Va United Nations kuve van’wana valava a tirha na vona. Ku hanyisana na Nelson na Winnie Mandela, hinkwaswo tani hi ntirho na vunghana,swi sungule hiva 1950s.
Ari muteki wa swinepe wa ximfumo wa Madiba kusukela loko a huma e khotsweni kuya fikela eka malembe yosungula yavu President. Dr Magubane u kote ku teka swinepe swa mimpfilungano hinkwayo leyi ayiri kona laha tikweni kufikela loko tiko ra Afrika Dzonga riya eka xidimokirasi. Uvuye a hundzuluxa tihlo rakwe laha a teka swinepe swa mindzhavuko leyi ayiri kona eka Afrika Dzonga lontshwa.
Dr Magubane u tekela ngopfu e nhlokweni sagwadi rakwe ra South African Order of Meritorious Service Silver Class II, leri ari nyikiwile hi President Nelson Mandela. A tiveka swinene hikuva a veka camera yakwe etlhelo a yimisa kudlawa ka vanhu. Eka sweswo a xiximiwe hi sagwadi ra American National Professional Photographers Association Humanistic Award.
Ari muntima wosungula wa Afrika Dzonga ku hlula eka Press Photo of the Year hi 1958. Una ti honorary doctorates ta 9 naswona uxiximiwe hi sagwadi ra Cornel Cappa Lifetime Achievement Award kusuka eka International Center of Photography e New York.
Masagwadi yanwana ya katsa, Robert Capa Award, Special Missouri Honor Medal for Distinguished Service in Journalism, Martin Luther King Luthuli Award, a Lifetime Achievement Award kusuka eka Mother Jones Foundation na Leica Cameras, xikanwe na Fellowship by the Tom Hopkinson School of Journalism and Cultural Studies kusuka e University of Wales.
Masagwadi yanwana lawa anga hatla aya kuma laha kaya ya katswa excellence in journalism award leyi ayi nyikiweke hi Walter Cronkite naswona ayi seketeriwe hi Stellenbosch Farmers’ Winery.
Dr Magubane u kombise ka mbirhi 100 wa swinepe leswi aswi teka tani hi swifaniso swankoka swinene swa nkulukumba Nelson Mandela: Kanwe eka nhlengeletano ya United Nations e Poland, laha nkombiso wunga pfuriwa hi khale ka President wa Poland Lech Walesa.
Kasi wa vumbirhi wova wukunguhatiwe kuva kona kusukela hiti 1 July kuya fika 30 September 2018 e Nelson Mandela Gateway to Robben Island. Swifaniso leswi hinkwaswo swinyikeriwile hi Dr Peter Magubane eka Nelson Mandela Foundation.
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