Ma-Bushmen yale Richtersveld

Vutomi bya Hunter-Gatherer

©Shem Compion

Swatika kuvula leswaku ma-Bushmen (kumbe San) vatumbuluke rini tani hi ntlawa wohlawuleka – van’wana very akuri khale ka malembe kwalomu ka 40 000 kumbe 30 000 wa malembe lawa yanga hundza, loko nguva yoleha yo oma yi hambanyise vanhu hile xikarhi e dzongeni vupela dyambu bya tiko kusuka eka tinxaka ta Negroid e n’walungwini.
Hambiswiritano, ma-Bushmen va tirhise nakubasisa thekinoloji ya Later Stone Age, leyi katsaka ti blades, borho nati points, leswi swotala swa swona swinga hlanganisiwa na timhandzi ku endla matlhari na mikwana.
Ma-bushmen vatlhele va tumbuluxa mahenyelo lawa ya fambelanaka na vutomi bya xintu bya hunter-gatherer. Tani hi nawu, akuri vavanuna lava avaya eku hloteni, laha vavasati ava hlengeleta marhanga, ti berries na swimilani swin’wani. Vutivi bya vona byaku khoma ntumbuluko byi vone mintlawa leyintsongo ya mindyangu yi famba famba na misava liya hikurhula na swiharhi xikan’we na tinguva.

Petroglyphs

Kuya hi vukhongeri, ma-bushmen ava tiphina hi ideology yoka yinga twisiseku leyi ayi katsa misava ya ntumbuluko na ximoya. Leswi swikombisiwe kahle eka maribye yotala lawa vangaya penda, lawa yakombetaka mincino ya shamanistic trance hixitalo. E Richtersveld, hambi sweswi, akuna mabaku lawa yanga pendiwa lawa yanga kumeka.
Kambe lexikumekaka iti petroglyphs – kutsariwa loku endliweke hiku tsema e henhla ka maribye hixilo lexi karihaka swinene kumbe hamele ya maribye. Kutsariwa loku ka enigmatic naku saseka ka ti petroglyphs kukomba swotala swohambana, kusuka eka maendlelo ya geometric kuya eka swikombiso swa mampela swa swiharhi swotani hi ti zebra nati eland.
Dyondzo ya ti petroglyphs ayise kula naswona, xobiha hileswaku tindzhawu totala se ti onheteriwile hiti mayini kumbe vayeni va vusopfa. Kunghena eka tindzhawu leti totala se aswaha pfumeleriwi kusivela ku onhaka kuya emahlweni.
Nhlayo ya ma-bushman lava tshamaka e Namaqualand nale Richtersveld ayitava yive yintsongo swinene. Leswi aswitava swivangiwa na hiku kala ka mati eka ndzhawu liya. Ndzhawu ya coast yona ayi antswa swinene, kambe, kuna tindzhawu tohlaya ta archaeology leti kombaka vuxaka bya nkoka exikarhi ka ma-Bushmen na leswi kumekaka endzeni ka mati tani hiti seals na shellfish.
Swihadyani leswi swale lwandle swivuriwa ‘strandlopers’ (beach walkers) naswona vumbhoni bya vutshamo bya swona byi kumeka eka tindzhawu tohambana hambana e Namaqualand naswona, himpela, byotala e Dzongeni wa Afrika.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni