Imvumo Yesimilo
Lukhetfo lwa 1994 lwaphela ngeminyaka lemakhulu lamatsatfu nemashumi lamane nakubili ngephansi kwembuso wemadvodza lamhlophe, emadvodza emandla nemibono kutsi bufakazi babo kanye nalapho bavela khona eEurope kwaba nika lilungelo lekuphatsa ngaphandle kwekuchumana nebantfu labamnyama labatigidzi labatakhamuti tala Ningizimu Afrika.
Lengucuko yabayinhle kakhulu ngoba lendlela lethulile leyentiwa ngayo lapho khona yavela ngemuva kwekuma kwemabhomu nangenca yekujula kwesimo salomuntfu lowenta lokuningi kuze kusebente. Imibhikisho itsintfwe yincumbi yetintfo kanye netimo.
Kungalukhuni kukhumbula lenye leyacala nesiboshwa lesadonsa cishe imphilo yaso yonkhe eveni lebeliphetfwe nguhulumende lobusako kantsi futsi ngaphandle kwemandla kune mvumo yesimilo yesicelo sakhe.
Kusuka kulesisekelo sesivumelwano lesingatsandzeki, Siboshwa Mandela waveta umbono kubaholi belive bepolitiki kutsi abangele tingcogco nelinyenti lebantfu labamnyama kuze kutophela Lubandlululo. Loku nguletintfo temaphupho elutsandvo langekho – yinye indvodza, lebonakala ilite ekugcilatekeni kwayo, lenesibindzi lesilibele kutsi ingatsi kutiboshwa tayo atehlise emandla ato letawatfola bese tivumela lenchubo lengaba nemphumela munye: lokuniketa emandla kulabantfu lebebabacindzetele.
Siphitsiphitsi Sembango Savimbeka
Lenye indlela kwakukutsi ngumyalo wemlandvo: kubambelela emtsetfweni wabobonkhe, kunganakwa kutsi kubita nganani, kwaze kwaba lapho khona totimbili tindzawo tafika dvute nekubulalana emphini yemhlaba, leyashiya buso balabo labaphumelela umsebenti lomkhulu wekuzama kutiphatsa babe bakha sive lesaphela.
Tigidzi letimashumi lamane tebantfu base Ningizimu Afrika bagwema kutsi sincumo, lesikhulu ngenca yelitsemba, kutimisela, kucabanga kanye nekuphocelela kwesimo seSiboshwa Mandela. Ngekungangabati, lobekanguMengameli Frederik Willem De Klerk bekasikhiya kulenchubo.
Kepha ke De Klerk watifundza kahle letimphawu. Bekati kutsi uma hulumende agcizelela ngelubandlululo kanye nekukhula lelive litophela, kwekucala ngetentfutfuko kanye nesiphitsiphitsi sembango.
Lijele lelatiwako lase Ningizimu Afrika
Siboshwa Mandela waletsa lithalente etinkhulumeni lebekali tfutfukise ejele. Wasebentisa umtsetfo wakhe- wensimbi, akazange alahle sento sekwenta kwakhe wase usebentisa onkhe ematfuba ekufundza. Abengumholi we Lijele iRobben Island, eNingizimu Afrika, lendvodza leyasekela lebayiboshwe nabo, wabacela bafundze phindze bacinise bungibo kanye nemandla.
Wakhombisa kubeketela lokukhulu entela imibono yendlela yepolitiki wase ukhutsata kuhlangana emkhatsini wetiboshwa. Wembulwa nguleletinye tiboshwa njengemfanekiso wemphi yabo. Ngaphansi kwekuholwa nguye letiboshwa takhula ngendlela yekukhulumisana emkhatsini wato kanye nebaholi be ANC lebebahambile bahlala emaveni angaphandle.
Ngekusebentisa tindlela letifanako letiboshwa nato tagcinwa tatiswa bumcoka bekukhula kutepolitiki ʺ ngaphandleʺ. Waphindze wabhala ngemlandvo wakhe, ʺ Luhambo Loludze Lwekuya Kunkhululekoʺ (Long Walk to Freedom), lelatsatfwa ngemagama lamancane tiboshwa letimbili kwase ekugcineni limikiswa lapho litogcineka kahle khona siboshwa Mac Maharaj.
Indzawo Lekhululekile yalaBamnyama
Hulumende wazama kubulala kwala kwakhe ngekumnika kutsi akhululwe – ngemnyaka wa 1970 – ngekushintjisa kutfolwa kwakhe leyiyi ʺ ndiphethe yendzawo yalabamnyamaʺ kwase Transkei kanye nekutivumela kutsi abanjwe etindzaweni tangakhona. Kube wavuma ngabe wanika imvuyo yakhe ku ʺLubandlululo Lolukhuluʺ, lomgomo wekuntjumisa lelive libe sabelo sebantfu labamnyama lapho khona labamnyama ʺbatotibuseka khonaʺ. Mandela wavele wala.
Ngakoke Hulumende wavele waphelelwa ngalelochinga, kepha ngemnyaka wa 1980 wenta leminye umitamo yekutsi batomkhulula ngasizatfu sekutsi alahle budlova. Waphendvula ngekutsi ʺ tiboshwa angeke angenele timvumoʺ kanye netidzingo letibhaliwe leto hulumende ayekela kutingenela kubantfu labamnyama.
Kwakusipho lesikhangako ngoba ngaleso sikhatsi Mandela bekasejele iminyaka lemashumi lamabili. Sona lesosipho lesifanako sachutjelwa kuleletinye tiboshwa betibanjwe naye, futsi bekukhuluma kakhulu ngekuhlangana kanye nekukhutsata lr munye angasincoba.
Sikhatsi Lesilungele/Lesikahle
Lokwaba yintfo lenkhulu yakhe kutfumela umbiko ku hulumende abanika litfuba lekungenela tinkhulumo tekuphela kwelubandlululo kanye nengucuko ye Ningizi,u Afrika nayingenga elukhetfweni. Lesikhatsi besilungele/besikahle.
Sijubo lesingavumelani nelive besibulala umnotfo kanye nekulahla iNingizimu Afrika kutintfo tesimanje kanye nekuchumana nemave angaphandle; ngekhatsi, timphikiswano kanye netintfo letingasiko telubandlululo betisendleleni lekhulako yekukhula, kuvimba kanye nekukhombisa bekulimata/kuhlubula luhlelo kanye nemgomo we ANC wekwenta lelive lingabuswa bekuba yimphilo ya onkhe malanga. Kwabakhona kubhoboka kwebudlova.
Ngemuva kwe matje lamakhulu – langatsi liphambili le lubandlululo, lokwakha kwe Phathi Yesive bekuma matima futsi kungateki kahle. Licembu lebantfu labatsite le Afrikaner (Emabhunu) lelingatiwa lebelingemuva kwa hulumende, iAfrikaner Broederbond, lekusuka ekucaleni kwekukhuphuka kwe Sive kwakha umgomo lowakhile futsi kwasita kutsi kufakwe ngekuphangisa ngekutsi kutjelwe emalunga ku khebhinethi nakuletinye tindzawo letibukiwe, bekuhamba kahle ekwakheni sincumo lesibalulekile — kususa lubandlululo.
Translated by Phindile Malotana
Wonkhe muntfu ukhuluma ngelukhetfo lwawonkhe muntfu lwa 1994 lolwashintja iNingizimu Afrika kulubandlululo lwemhlaba lobelujulile yangena ku...