Kubhudlika kwe Mapungubwe

Yini Lehambe Kabi?

©Roger de la Harpe
Iminyaka lemashumi lasikhombisa , bantfu base Mapungubwe baphila imphilo yabo esikalini lesikhulu. Bahola sive sabo nahulumende lobowuphatsa emakhilomitha latinkhulungwane letimashumi lamatsatfu esikwele baphindze batsengisa cishe sonkhe lesigodzi, ngetive tasendzaweni futsi nge mshina lose Sofala nase Chinuebe. Kwase, ngekushesha, konkhe kwahamba kabi. Ngemnyaka wa 1290, lelidolobha lelikhulu lashiywa kabhlungu nalabantfu base Mapungubwe bagcwla umoya.
Kulukhuni kugcina nawubuka emuva kuleminyaka lengakabhalwa phansi. Nomanje lenkhosi lendzala yashona ngaphandle kwekushiya umlandzeli wakhe lobekatotsatsa emvakwakhe; kumbe loyomuntfu bekanganamandla futsi bekangeke akhone kubamba lesive nahulumende ndzawonye; kumbe kwaba nemsindvo emkhatsisini walomndeni wasebukhosini; kumbe bangenelwa ngulesinye sive (noma kumbe loku akufani); kumbe lelinye lidolobha latsatsa lokuphatsa imigwaco yesive kuya kuncenye yangekhatsi; noma kumbe kwabasimo selitulu lesaletsa kuphela kwe Mapungubwe.
Kusenekwenteka kutsi lowesibili kulabantfu utsatfwa ngekutsi uyatsandvwa.

iAyisi Lekhulile Lencane

©David Fleminger
Imibhalo leyatsatfwa basendzaweni ikhomba kutsi, emnyakeni wa 1300, bekukhona kucala kwe Ayisi 'Lekhulile Lencane', lencane nje. Kwakwenele, nomakunjalo, kutsi kuvele kushintjwe imphilo yemlandvo wemumango lolimako. Timvula letinhle lelatikhona kusuka kucala sigodzi sase K2 toma, kwasusa somiso lesibi eminyakeni letinkhulungwane, kwatsi lomfula wase Limpopo wacala kujika ngaphandle kwesizatfu, kubanemanti lamaningi ngesikhatsi lesingasiso phindze nekubulala inhlanyelo.
Lena nkinga yekudla ngabe kwachutjwa kubhedvuka kwesifo lesasitfwelwe ngemagundvwane ekufuywa (rattus -rattus).
Ngekuwa kwendzawo leletsa kudla, lendzawo beseyingakhoni kubambelela kantsi nalelidolobha beselibhidlika. Sifiso seMapungubwe sekuchubeka ngekutsengisa sashabalala, kantsi nendlela lesindzako yahulumende yayingakalungiswa kutsi ibambe lomonakalo. Ngemuva kwakokonkhe, inkhosi ayisimuntfu ngaphandle kwebantfy bayo.

Kute Inchubekelaphambili

©Roger de la Harpe
Ngako, labantfu base Mapungubwe bashiya emathuna abo eligolide, bakhweshela kuyohlala etindzaweni letinsha letise ningizimu nase nyakatfomphuma. Njengoba kunjalo lesisimo kanye naletinye tive letitfutfukile tandvulo, kuhamba kwato kwabakubi futsi bekute nekuchubeka kwemimango. Lisiko labo alizange libamnandzi, kantsi nemabhodo labekabhaliwe aseMapungubwe awabonakali noma ngukuphi kulentidzawo.
Iminyaka lemakhulu lasikhombisa letako, lentsaba yagcina timfihlo tayo. Akuzange kuhlaliswe nguletive letafika kulendzawo, futsi nalokubonwa kwe Mapungubwe leyalahlwa bantfu yaya emlandvweni. Ecinisweni, solo sati kancane ngako. Lizinga lelakha incenye lelifana ne lulwimi, umculo kanye nekwetsembela enkholweni akushiyi ngemuva tintfo letitsite lesingatibona. Ngako singabeloku sicabanga ngesisho setintfo letiningi letehlukene, bese
sicabanga ngetintfo letingito tematiko abo labantfu. Ecinisweni, asati nekutsi bebatibita bobani, kusuka lapho 'iMapungubwe' liteu lamanje.

iZimbabwe Lenkhulu

Noma ngayiphi indlela, kungumcabango kutsi njengoba lelidolobha lishabalala, incenye yebantfu leyasuka yaya edolobheni lelisungulwako lase Zimbabwe lenkhulu. Loku bekutindlu lebetikhona, cishe emakhilomitha lalikhulu nemashumi lasihlanu khashane kuya emphumalanga lesenyakatfo, lebeyinetintfo letakhiwe ngelibumba lesintfu nemasiko. Ngekuwa kwe Mapungubwe, iZimbabwe Lenkhulu yatsatsa kancane njengendzawo lencane yekutsengisela kanye ne mncele lose mphumalanga. Njengoba beyikhula, iZimbabwe Lenkhulu nayo icabanga kutsi liningi lalamasiko esintfu kanye netintfo letisembili tase Mapungubwe, tikhuliswe kito kwentela kwakha ematje lamamkhulu lamahle asedolobheni, nemabondza lamadze kanye nekuvala lokuhle.
Lonamcabango wemhlaba wandvulo uphindze Uyindzawo Yesintfu Yemhlaba, futsi inemlandvo wayo wengucuko.

Translated by Phindile Malotana