Ubukhosi Benarha Leyo
Nnmhlanje amaTswana ahlukaniseke kanengi nanyana alandela imithetho yeBotswana nanyana weSewula Africa. Amakhosi, ubukhulu bawo obuhlukaniswa ngoamakhulu ukuya kwamakhulukhulu, hlangana kobukhulu kwawo kubalwa hlangana ubukhosi bamaTswana obuhlukaniseke kane. Ikosi ngayinye itjheje iindaba zabo ngaphasi kwekosi yabo kodwana kunomehluko omkhulu hlangana kwentjhabesi enarheni yangeBotswana kanye neSewula Africa.
AmaTswana aseSewula Africa ngaphambili khabe awela ngaphasi kobukhosi bePhuthatswana emizini yemakhaya ekumabantustan. Isitjhaba ngasinye gade sinenarhazo kanye nebizo laso, inarha leyo elithiyelelwe ngebizo lekosi yangaphambii nanyana ikosi ebusa ngeskhatheso, ngesinye isikhathi ithiyelelwe ngomndeni wesigodlo, ibizo lehlokodorobha yakade kanye nesiga esenzeka emlandweni.
Isitjhaba ngasinye sinemvelaphi ezahlukeneko, okutjho bona amalunga wesitjhaba ngasinye angahluka elinye kwelinye kanye nelimi. Lokhu kubonkala khulu ngokobana lokha abantu nababuya ekorweni yinye gade bahlala enarheni yinye, begodu basebenzisa imehluko ematjhwayeni. Iintjhaba zamaTswana azikahlangani, begodu akhange zahlangana Kanye namalunga angatjhugulukiko.
Bazinhlobo zabantu, begodu babayincenye yelunga labo ngokobana babelethwe kilo, ngokuzithandela, ngokuhlolwa kanye nangokwamukelwa. Amalunga wamaTswana angaqothwa yikosi, azikhambele esiqhemeni sawo nasele angasafuni ukuba lilunga lamaTswana lapha bangakhamba bayokujoyina ezinye iintjhaba.
Indlela efanako kungendlela iintjhaba ezatlameka ngayo, kodwana eyakheke khulu, sele itlama inarha ekulu, esele ibizwa ngokobana yiBotswana kwanje. Iinqhemezi zahlanganiswa zaba siqhema sinye ngebanga lokungenelela kwekholoni eyenza i-Bechuanaland eyathola umaziphathe njengenarha yeBotswana.
Ukulinga kwamaTswana ukuqina eSewula Africa kwaletha kobana kubebudisi khulu kobana urhulumende webandlululo enze ama-bantustan weBophuthatswana, umazibuse loyo waphela nakungena urhulumende wentandoyenengi. Iinkosi zamaTswana ezaziwa ngurhulumende webandlululo ziragela phambili ngokobana banelungelo lokubusa abantu.
Ukubina
I-totemism ekukubina lapha khona umuntu vane abine umhlobo othize, wesilwane, isitjalo kanye nezinye izinto, esele kuyinto eqakathekileko emphakathini wamaTswana. Umuntu ngamunye uzihlobanisa nezinto ezithile azibinako, kuthi boke abantu ababina intweleyo, okungabasilwane nanyana isitjalo njalonjalo kuthiwe bayahlobana ekuvamise kobana bathathe iimbongo kanye nokubinwa kwento ekhabe ibinwa nguyise naboyisemkhulu. Abantu ababina into yinye bathi bangawuthola umtlhala wokobana bayahlobana.
Amalunga wesitjhaba sinye akhange akhe abine into yinye, nanyana kuthi abantu ababina into yinye bavele esitjhabeni sinye. Ukwenza isibonelo, abantu baka-Ngwaketse sele bahlotjaniswe nezinto kanye nembongo eziyi-22 ezahlukahlukeneko nanyana amalunga webukhosini bakhona babina into yinye. Iinkolelo lize ezinengi zizifakela iphuzu eendatjaneni zama-Tswana zokobana ukubina kwathoma njani.
Ukubina kwathoma ngokobana kuqalwe iindlela zokuziphatha zabantu, begodu nange babhalelwe ukuziqala umuntu obhalelweko loyo bekutlhogakala kobana ayokuhlanjululwa ukukhandela kobana angabanjwa malwelwe nanyana amabhadi.
Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana