Common Duiker
Ipunzi ejayelekileko

© Roger de la Harpe

Igama

Ipunzi ejayelekileko [Sylvicapra grimmia]

Ihlathululo

Igama lepunzi elithi-duiker ngelimi lesiNgisi lisuselwa kilelo le- Afrikaans elithi ‘duiker’ okuhlathulula ukutjuza ngokuhlotjaniswa nomukghwa weenlwani wokuthi zivele zizilahlele emahlathini nazibona ingozi iza. Iimpunzi zikghona ukuziphilela ngamanzi, nokudla amaraka, iinthelo begodu lo mhlobo wenyamazana ezimbalwa khulu ezaziwa ngokudla iinunwana nenyama.

Ukuvela nokwakheka kwayo

Umhlobo lo weempunzi unomzinjana omncani kanya namahloni,, unombala omlotha begodu yipunzi eduna kwaphela ebaneempondo ezifitjhani. Igama layo lisuselwa esenzweni sayo sokugijima ngebelo eliphezulu khulu ngendlela yokweqa nokutjuza nayithuselweko. Iimpunzi eziduma esezikhululile ziphakeme ngamamilimithara angaba ama-500 kuthi ezisikazi zibemamilimithara angaba ma-200 ukuyaphezulu.
Eziduna zinesilinganiso sobudisi obungaba makhilogremu ali-15 - 18, kuthi ezisikazi zibe nesilinganiso esingaba makhilogremu ali-16 -21. Zivame ukuba nombala omhlophe zoke emathunjini kuthi loyo osemzimbeni uvame ukuhluka ezinye ziba mlotha okukiriweko (S.g caffra) ukuyela embaleni obomvana oqarheke ngosarilana (S,g splendidula) iimbala le ibonwa ngokuya ngeendawo lapho kuneempunzi khona. Inengi lazo zinemida enzima ebusweni owehla uphelele epumulweni.

Ukudla

Zikhamba zizuma imihlobohlobo yamakari afaka hlangana, imithi, amahlathi, iinthelo, iimbewu, imirabho, amathuthumbo, amakelo wemithi amakhowe iintethe, kanye neenyonyana ezisesidlekeni. Eendaweni ezinganazulu zivame ukudla amaswiri ukususa ukomela amanzi begodu ziyikinga khulu naziza entjalwei, etonini kunye nemasimini.

Iimbalobalo zepilwazo

Isilingaiso sobudisi (bezisikazi): 17 - 25 kg
Isilingaiso sobudisi (beduna): 15 - 21 kg
Isilinganiso sobude (besikazi): 110 cm
Isilinganiso sobude (beduna): 110 cm
Isikhathi sekambiso yokumitha: 6 months
Inani lamalamjana: 1 lamb
Ukulungela ukujarhwa nokujarha: 8 months
Isilinganiso sobudisi bokuzalwa: 175 g
Umhlobo/ umkhakha: Artiodactyla
Umndeni: Bovidae
Iimpondo: 10 cm (record - 18 cm)

Ukukhulisa nokuzala

Ipunzi esikazi ivamise ukuzala ilamjana linye ngemva kwesikhathi sekambiso yokumitha engaba ziinyanga ezisithandathu. Azikavami ukuzala khulu amaphahla naziwazalako kungaba ngesinye nesinye isikhathi sonyaka kodwana zivamise ukuzala khulu ehlobo. Ukukhula ngokwaneleko kwepunzi kuthatha iinyanga ezilikhomba, kuthi lezo ezisikazi zithome ukujarhwa nazineenyanga ezibunane ukuya kezilithoba, kanti-ke zizala nasele zikhule ngomnyaka woke.
Nanyana kunjalo ukujarhokhu kuhluka ngokuya ngokubakhona kweempunzi eziduna nange nani lempunzi ezisikazi ezijarhwako ngaleso isikhathi. Ilamjana lingazalwa ngesinye nesinye isikhathi sonyaka, unina uvamise ukuzifihla endaweni efihlekele khulu nasele kufike isikhathi sokuzala. Nanyana amalamjana avamise ukufihlwa bonini ngemva kokuzalwa kodwana ilamjana lepunzi lizalwa sele liqinaqinile begodu likghona ukugijima ngemuva kwama-awara amasumi amabili nane lizelwe (within 24hrs).

Ukuziphatha

Zitjhagala khulu ngeenkhathi zangemva kwamadina ukuya ebusuku begodu nangeenkhathi zekuseni. Iimpunzi ezisikazi neziduna ziyahlala ndawonye kodwana ziyalwa bezigijimise lezo zobulili obufanako ngeenzathu zokujarha kodwana ezisikazi ziyahlalisa kuthi ngesikhathi sokujarha kube kulapho zihlangana kuhle khona. Zinjalo nje zaziwa njengeenyamazana eziphumelela khulu emndeni womhlobo wenyamazana ezifana nazo kodwana ziphila isikhathi esingaba minyaka ebunane ukuya kelisumi nanye. Zithandwa khulu ziinlwani eziphila ngokudla inyama kwaphela. Ipunzi enelamjana akukavami itholakale emhlambini wezinye zakwabo kungaba ngezisikazi nofana eziduna. Umnuko wemitlhalazo yenziwa zizitho ezihlangana neenqatha zaphambili.

Indawo yokuhlala

Azikhuleli emahlathini kodwana kulapho zibhaqela khona iinlwani eziyingozi. Zisabalele neSewula ye-Afrika kodwana azitholakali endaweni ezimagagadu. Umhlobo lo weempunzi uvamise ukubonwa nakuphuma nalokha kutjhinga ilanga emangweni wamahlathi avulekileko. Azizwani neendawo yesikhotha esivulekileko kunalokho zizwana nalapho kunemithi begodu zitholakala kiyo yoke i-Afrika yeSewula ye-Sahara ngaphandle kwemahlathini asekabeni ye-Afrika lapho kunezulu khona.

Ihlathululo ngemitlhalayo

Lomhlobo unemitlhala ehluke kinayo yoke imihlobo yeempunzi, imitlhala eminye inqophile aminye imazombe/ irondo, kungase kube nomehluko munye ukuya kemibilie engakajayeleki ngayo.

Iinlwani eziyingozi epilwenazo

Zinamaqhinga wokubalekela iinlwani ezizisahlelako ngokuzilalisa phasi zingasikinyeki, kodwana ivele yeqe ngokurhaba ibaleke nayibona isibandana sitjhidele. Igijima ibelo eliphezulu ngendlela yokutjuza nemazombezombe kungakho ngelimi le-Afrikaans ibizwa i-’duiker’. Isebenzisa iinqatha neempondo zayo ezibukhali ukuzivikela. Lokha nayibanjiweko inesililo esimkhosi ohlabaka okghona ukumema zakwabo bona zizoyilamulela kesinye isikhathi senziwa malamjana nakafuna bona unina azowasiza.
Amalamjanzo akghona ukugijima ngelanga azalwe ngalo kodwana ahlala asendweni ephiphileko nevikelekileko laphoa abonina bayo ngokuyowamunyisa nokuwakhotha. Amalamjana la avamise ukudliwa khulu zimlwani ezikhudlwana eziphila ngenyama kwaphela, kodwna adliwa khulu makhozi, izingwe, ingwenyama, bophagani, iimpungutjha kunye neenhlwathu.