Inkcazelo nge Ngada

©Karl Svendsen
Ingada (Felis caracal caracal) sisilwanyana esinendlebe ezimnyama ngasemva, ze apha encamin yazo zibetsolo kunye noboya obufukufuku. Ingada inoboya obufutshane obuxineneyo, obunombala osenokuba mdaka wesanti okanye umbala womhlaba obomvu, kuxhomekeka ngokwendawo okuyo. Iingada zinemigca engacaciyo emnyama namhlophe ebusweni bazo kunye nezisu ezimhlopohe ezinamachokoza abomvu. Zikhona ke nezimnyama thsu.
Iinkunzi zengada zinkulu kuneemazi, zinganobude obulinganiselwa phakathi kwama 75 cm ukuya kuma 120 cm, logama ubunzima bubaphakathi kwe 8 kg ukuya kuma 18 kg. Imilenze yayo yangasemva ibukuphakama kunamagxa ayo, oku kwenza kubelula ukuba itsibe kangangee mitha ezintathu ukuya phezulu. Zinemisila emifutshane elinganiselwa kwi 15cm ukuya kuma 35cm ubude.
Imizila yeenyawo zangaphambili mincinane kunaleyo yangasemva kwaye ayinayo imizila yeenzipho. Zizilwanyana ezizihambela zodwa, ngaphandle kwangexesha lokukhwelana, apho iinkunzi zingabonwa kunye neemazi okanye iimazi kunye namantshontsho azo. Imitha isithuba seentsuku ezingama 80, kwaye imazi ingazala amantshontsho amabini ngexesha. Kuthatha iintsuku ezili 10 ukuze amantshontsho awavule ngokupheleleyo amehlo awo. Ayekiswa ukuncanca xa eneveki ezilishumi ubudala kwaye ahlala nonina de abenonyaka omnye.
Kukho ushicilelo lweengada eziphile iminyaka efikelela kwi 19, ziselugcinweni, ngoko ke zingaphila ixesha elide noko. Ayizozilwanyana ezikhuselweyo eMzantsi Afrika.
Ngokubhalwe kwi khasi iTenikwa website, intetho endala ethi “Ukubekha ikathi phakathi kwamahobe” isusela kwinto eyayisenziwa eMbindi Mpuma, nalapho ingada ifakwa endaweni ebiyelweyo kunye namahobe baze abantu babheje ukuba le ngada izakufumana amahobe amangaphi.

Indlela Yazo Yokutya Nokubulala

©Nigel Dennis
Iingada zizilwanyana ezihamba ebusuku amathuba amaninzi, kodwa zingabonwa nasemini ukuba akukho ziphazamiso. Zingahlala kwimida ephakathi kwama 400 ha ukuya kuma 10 000 ha, kuxhomekeka nokubakho kokutya. Iinkunzi ke zona zizula/zihlala kwimida engaphezu kwaleyo yeemazi.
Zitya iindidi ezahlukileyo zezilwanyana, maxa wambi zide zitye nezo zinkulu kunazo. Ziye ziwachwechwele amaxhoba ze ziwatsibele xa sele zikufutshane, ziwabambe ngobhongwane de afe. Amaxhoba asenokuba neziphako zokulunywa nemingxunya emibini macala omabini entamo okanye kuqhoqhoqho kwaye kusenokuba kho nemikrwelo yeenzipho emagxeni esiswini okanye kumanqina angasemva exhoba.
Zisenokubulala izilwanyana eziliqela ngethuba zizingela, kodwa sibasinye esityiwayo ngexesha. Isikhumba singaxotyulwa sisuke ngaphambi kokutyiwa kwenyama, akushiyekeli nomsila njengaxa inyama ityiwe ngu dyakalashe. Zivamise ukuqala ngokutya iinyama yomqolo kunye neenyama eziphakathi kwimilenze yangasemva. Zisenokuzitya neembabo namagxa. Uboya ziyabu xhwitha ngaphambi kokutya inyama. Aziwophuli okanye ziwahlafune amathambo amakhulu, kwaye aziwatyi namathumbu esilwanyana. Ixhoba lisenokuba nomhlaba okanye ingca kwaye kukho iingxelo zokuba iingada ziyigcina emthini inyama yazo, kanye njenge ngwe.

Ulawulo

©Nigel Dennis
Ngokubhalwe kwi Predation Management Manual, ingada isenokuqala umkhwa wokuthanda ukutya imfuyo, ingakumbi iigusha kunye neebhokwe, kodwa oku kungakhuselwa ngokubiyela imfuyo ngocingo okanye uzifake ebuhlanti. Kufuneka kupakishwe amatye emazantsi ocingo, ukuze iingada zingathubelezi. Usenokongeza nangamacingo anombane. Ingxolo, ukukhanya kunye namavuma agxotha ezi ngada, iizinja ezigada imfuyo, nezinye izilwanyana ezigada imfuyo ezifana nee donki okanye izinja zohlobo lwe Anatolian, nazo zinganceda ukuthintela iingada.
Ukuthintela iingxaki zokutyiwa kwemfuyo ziingad, kungabekwa nonoxhaka- ingakumbi kwindawo oqondayo ukuba iingada zizakuhamba kuyo. Kungenjalo, iingada zingazingelwa ebusuku okanye ngezinja, kodwa izinja akufanelanga ziyekwe zisondelelane nezingada.

Translated by Zizipho Silwana