K2 Abantu baseMapungubwe

K2 - Cha, hhayi iNtaba (1000 AD - 1220 AD)

©Roger de la Harpe

Ubukhona besiswe seZhizo eSchroda, isayithi elisezingeni eliphezulu lezemvelo ephrovinsi yeLimpopo, laqala ngo-900AD kuya ku-1000 AD. Khona-ke, iqembu elisha labantu langena esigodini, futhi lokhu kwaholela ukuthi abeZhizo bahambe endaweni engakabonakali.

Laba bantu abasha abalethele izinhlobo ezahlukene zobumba ezinemihlobiso ehlukile, ebonisa ukuthi babambene nesiko le-Leopard Kopje eseZimbabwe nasezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho zeNingizimu Afrika. Bakha inhloko-dolobha yabo endaweni engacabangi ngokuthi iK2, engxenyeni eseningizimu yeBambandyanalo. Baqala ukulawula indawo kule minyaka engamakhulu amabili eyalandela. I-K2, akufanele ididaniswe nentaba ephakeme kunazo zonke emhlabeni iEverest.

Le K2 ibizwa ngohlelo lokubala izindawo ezilandelanayo, ezaziwa ngokuthi iKoms. Kunengqondo ukucabanga ukuthi lezi zakhi zaqala zayemgodini waseLimpopo bethembe ukuthola amazinyolo ayehehe abantu beZhizo. Futhi ubufakazi bemivubukulo buye babonisa ukuthi imvula yanda phakathi nalesi sikhathi, okwenza ezolimo zibe namandla kakhulu.

Ubufakazi Bokulima

©David Fleminger

Isiko le-K2 labonakala ngcono kakhulu kuneZhizo. Esiqongweni sayo, i-K2 yayinabantu abangaba ngu-1500, futhi cishe yayihlukaniswe yaba 'izigaba' eziningana ezihlelwe eduze nendawo yokuhlala. Induna enamandla yayilawula ukuhlala, nezinduna ezinamandla ezikhonza ngaphansi kwayo. Inhloko ye-K2 isabalala endaweni engamahektha angamahlanu, futhi izindlu ezincane zakhiwe kuyo yonke indawo.

Ngokungafani neZhizo, noma kunjalo, le mizana eseduze yayivame ukutholakala emhlabathini ovundile waseLimpopo. Kunobufakazi bokuthi abantu baseK2 baqhuba ezolimo ezixubene. Bakhula imfino, amabele, ubhontshisi, ithanga namakhabe, futhi bagcina izimvu, izimbuzi nezinkomo. Mhlawumbe nabo bazingela ukwengeza ukudla kwabo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi izindawo zokuhlala ze-K2 zihlelwe eduze kwendawo yezinkomo njengaBantu bensimbi ezwekazini.Leli lungiselelo lendawo lalivame ukuba nezindlu zizungeze izibaya zenkomo.

Ukubeka izinkomo enkabeni yedolobha kwakungokoqobo futhi kuyisifanekiso; ukubonakaliswa kokubaluleka kwezombusazwe kanye nezenhlalakahle zezinkomo kulolu hlobo lomphakathi. Izinkomo zazisetshenziselwa ukukhokha izinkokhelo, imishado (lobola), ukuxazulula izingxabano nokukhombisa ukuhlonipha induna. Eqinisweni, amandla omuntu ayelingana ngokuqondile nenani lezinkomo ayenazo.

Umngcwabo eK2

©David Fleminger

E-K2, izibaya zezinkomo ziboniswa yizikhombisi ezifana nobulongwe obuningi, kanye nezinsalela zezindlu zokuhlala ezihlelwe nxazonke. Izindlu zaseK2 zicatshangwa ukuthi ziyisiyingi, zinezindonga ezenziwe ngodaka (ingxube yodaka nobulongwe). Iphansi yenziwa ngobumba noma amathe futhi uphahla lwaluqotshwe utshani bendawo.

Lesi kwakuyisizinda sabesifazane, futhi amathuna angaphezulu kwamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye avuliwe azungeze le ndawo 'yabesifazane'. Amadoda, ngokwengxenye yawo, ayengcwatshwa ngaphakathi noma eduze nezinkomo. Ukungcwaba e-K2 kuvame ukulandela ifomu elihambisanayo. Izidumbu zancwatshwa endaweni yokulala nezinhloko zazo zibheke entshonalanga, lapho ilanga lishona khona.

Abesifazane bathola ukuphumula ngakwesobunxele babo, kanti amadoda ayephumula ngakwesokudla (ohlangothini oluphezulu). Kukhona futhi inqwaba “yezilwane ezingavamile” ezigcweleyo eziqukethe amathambo ezilwane aphukile kanye nobumba obuphukile, futhi kubhekwa ukuthi kubalulekile ngokomoya. Indawo yokuhlala e-K2 yayizohlukaniswa ngokuvumelana nesimo senhlalakahle. Abantu abangashadile bahlala ndawonye futhi abaholi abanamandla babehlala, kude nabantu abavamile. Njengoba lesi sikhungo sakhula, lo mbuso wacaciseka ngcono.

Translated by Nsika Khoza