Amabhasitela weRichtersveld

Abantu Abavele Kwelinye Izwe

©Shem Compion

Ngemuva kokuhambela kokuqala kukaVan der Stel eNtabeni yeThusi, umzila oya enyakatho wawusuhleliwe. Kwakungewona mgwaqo ophethuzelayo, kodwa eminyakeni eyikhulu elandelayo abantu abaningi abavele kwamanye amazwe bangena e-Namaqualand nasendaweni ezungezile. Kuhlanganisa abazingeli, abahloli bamazwe, osozimila, abalimi baseYurophu, abagqila izigqila kanye nabaningi okuthiwa amaBhasitela (abantu abanegazi elixubekile). Ngabo bonke laba bafikayo bebancintisana ngomhlaba nemithombo, inani lezingxabano esifundeni lakhula - ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zesomiso.
Okokuqala, ake sikhulume ngalawo mabhasitela. Lezi zinhlanga ezixubile-zegazi zaziwa ngamagama ambalwa, kodwa abaphathi bamakoloni awahlukanisa ngokuthi 'amaBhasitela' (izingane zabaseYurophu nabangekho mhlophe) noma 'iBastaard-Hottentots' (abantwana bezigqila namaKhoikhoi ). Ngenxa yemigqa yabo engaqondakali, iningi lalaba bantu alifanelekeli ukuba yizakhamizi ngaphakathi ekoloni. Njengoba babehola phambili ukuhamba kwabantu enyakatho, lapho befuna khona umhlaba.

Adam Kok

Lapha, baxubanisana namaqembu e-Nama omdabu, bebabusa ngezibhamu zabo, imfundo noma ingcebo yezinhlobo. Baphinde baphathe ingcosana yezombusazwe ngenxa yenkolo yabo yobuKristu abanye baze bakwazi ngisho nokuzinikeza amalungelo omhlaba wokondla izifuyo kubaphathi bamakoloni, bese ekugcineni benothe.
Odumile u-Adam Kok, umsunguli wesizwe samaGriqua, wayengomuntu onjalo. UKok wasuka eKapa waya ePiketberg, lapho ehlala khona epulazini laseSclinfontein ngo-1751. Kamuva, yena nomndeni wakhe bathuthele enyakatho eKamiesberg lapho abantu bakhe baqala khona ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabantu baseYurophu, iNamaqua nabantu baseNingizimu Tswana. Cishe ngo-1780, amanye amalungu omndeni abuye abuyele eMfuleni u-Orange, lapho ahlala endaweni yaseKimberley, ngaphambi kokuba aphinde abuyele efuna izwe lawo. Ukufuduka kwalezi zinsuku kwakungenzeka ukuthi kwakubangelwa ngama-trekboers (ukufuduka kwamabhunu)ngezinyawo bewuthatha umhlaba.

Ama-Bosluis Basters

Ama-Bosluis Basters bathola igama labo ekhaya labo lokuqala, ipulazi iBo-Sluis (ngenhla kwe-sluice), hhayi ngegama lesiBhunu elithi 'bosluis', elibhekisela kumkhaza noma izintwala.
Kumele futhi uqaphele ukuthi igama elithi 'baster' elibi, elithathwa ku “bhasitela”, ligcinwa ngokuziqhenya ngamaqembu amaningana e-baster (kubandakanya iRehoboth basters eNamibia). Abahlaziyi abaningana baye babhala ukuthi isizathu salokhu sabuyela emuva kuma-1800, lapho isimo sabo njenge-'ngxenye yohlobo lokuzalwa esizweni elingaphelele 'sibasihlukanisa kangcono kunama-hottentots angaphansi' nakwabanye abantu.
Kunoma yikuphi, ukufika kweBosluis Basters kwabonakala kuphazamisa ama-Khoikhoi endawo. Ngatshelwa ukuthi, ekuqaleni, la maqembu amabili ayekhathazana futhi, njengoba nje ngawo-1980, umshado phakathi kweNama neBaster wawuyophakamisa amashiya e-Eksteenfontein. Namuhla, nanoma kunjalo, amaqembu ahlukene aseRichtersveld asebumbene njengomphakathi futhi asebenzisane okulungele bonke.

Translated by Nsika Khoza