Phambi kokuvuna kubalulekile ukwenza uhlelo lokuvuna. Oluhlelo lokuvuna luzakuquka isivuno esilindelekileyo (ngokwe tani), uqikelelo lomhla wokuvunwa, inani labasebenzi abadingekayo, ukuqeshwa kwezixhobo kunye nexabiso lokuthuthwa kwemidiliya ukuzisa kwi koyi ye wayini.
Kufuneka kulungiselelwe nokuba imidiliya ingadibani ngethuba ithuthwa, ukunciphisa ukubetheka kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko kunye nococeko. Izixhobo ezingasetyenziswa ukuvuna imidiliya ye wayini ingaquka: Iitrekthara okanye iitrakhi ezinemigqomo yemidiliya. Amakhreythi kunye nezikere zomsebenzi ngamnye.
Amakhadi okunqomfwa (Lama khadi ayanqomfwa ukubala inani lamakhreythi akhiweyo ngumsebenzi ngamnye. Indlu yangasese enokufuduswa kunye namanzi okusela. Ikiti yoncedo lokuqala kunye ne plaster nezibulali ntsholongwane. iRefractometer ukuze kumane kuhlolwa amaqondo eswekile kwimidiliya evuniweyo.
Ukuvunwa nge Sandla Kwemidiliya ye Wayini
Izihlahla ezivuthiweyo zisikwa ngesikere sokuvuna zize zifakwe emakhreythini okuvuna. Lamakhreythi avamise ukubekwa phantsi okanye kufuphi komthi we diliya. Xa amakhreythi egcwele, akhutshelelwa kumgqomo wokuvuna okwi trakhi okanye itrekthare. Imigqomo yemidiliya mikhulu, yenziwe ngeplastiki okanye ngenkcenkce.
Le migqomo inokuthwala itoni ezi 5-6 kodwa ayigwaliswa kakhulu ukunciphisa ukubetheka kunye nokukhameka okanye ukuba zingabinomhlwa. Abanye abavelisi bakhetha ukuthuthela amakhreythi ekoyini ye wayini, ukunciphisa ukubetheka nokukhameka kwamanzi emidiliya. Imidiliya kufuneka ithuthelwe ekoyini ye wayini kwangoko kwaye ingayekwa ihlale ixesha elide elangeni okanye ebushushwini. Xa kunjalo, ijusi isenokuqala uvubelo.
iPotassium metabisulfite (K₂S₂O₅) isenokufakwa kwimidiliya yewayini emhlophe ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nomhlwa kwakunye nokuthintela ukuvubeleka phambi kwethuba. Ukuvubela kuxa ijusi yediliya iqala ukutshintswa ngamagwele endalo kwenzeke utywala kunye ne carbon dioxide.
Ukuvubeleka kungalawulwa ngokugalela amagwele athile emva kokuba ijusi yomdiliya sele ikhanyiwe, yapholiswa yaze yafakwa ematankini. Xa imidiliya ifika ekoyini yewayini, izihlahla ziyahlolwa zibekwe kwibhanti elihambayo. Amagqabi, iziqu kune nemidiliya ebolileyo iyasuswa phambi kokuba imidiliya ifakwe phakathi kwisixovi sediluya ukuze kuphume ijusi.
Ukuvuna Imidiliya ye Wayini Ngomatshini
Umatshini wokuvuna ungasetyenziswa ukuvuna imidiliya ye wayini. Oku kwenziwa kubuchule bokuxhaswa kwemithi (ephezulu) kwaye iqhele ukusetyenziswa xa kufunwa isivuno esikhulu. Izihlahla ziyasuswa kwimithi yediliya ngokushukumisa amasebe omthi. Imidiliya iqokelewa kumgqomo wokuvuna okulo matshii logama amagqabi esuswa ngumoya ovuthelwa kakhulu.
Eyona nto incedayo ngokuvuna ngomatshini kukukhawulezisa - Imidiliya ifika kwi koyi yewayini msinya kunaxa kuvunwa ngesandla. Iindawo ezinkulu zemithi yediliya zingavunwa ngosuku olunye. Akudingeki bansebenzi baninzi kwaye kungavunwa kusapholile.
Oku kubalulekile kakhulu ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu kwaye kunciphe namathuba okuba imidiliya ibenomhlwa. Into embi ke ngokuvuna ngomatshini kukuba iziqu zomdiliya zingonakalakwaye izihlahla ezigulayo okanye ezingekavuthwa zingavunwa kunye nezo zilungileyo kwaye sele zivuthiwe.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana