Ukutyisa Iibhokhwe Ezigulayo

Kuxhaphakile ukufuya iibhokhwe kuba zithanda ukubukela, kwaye zingasetyenziswa okanye zinga fuywa kwindawo enamahlathi namahlahla kunye neenkomo ezithanda ukutya emadlelweni. Ngengababukeli (abazityela nje amagqabi kwizihlahla) azikhuphisani neenkomo ngokutya. Ukongeza, ukuba ngaba bukeli beebhokhwe kunceda unqanda ukuxhatshazwa kwamahlathi kwindawo ezomileyo nezinamahlathi, kodwa zingenza ingca eninzi engatyiwayo zizilwanyane.
Iibhokhwe ezininzi ezigcinwa kwilali (ezifana neebhokhwe zesintu/zakudala) azityiswa ngqolowa, kodwa zinikwa ingca njengokutya, yiyo lonto imveliso yobisi lwazo isezantsi. Ukuqinisekisa imveliso yobisi eyaneleyo, zingadinga izinongo ezongezelweyo kwaye ziyakuthanda ukuphathwa kakuhle nokunikezwa ukutya. Ukutyisa iibhokhwe zobisi, ibhokhwe zenyama kunye nezo zikhuliselwa uboya obuyi (mohair okanye cashmere) zidinga umlinganiselo othile ngoko mgangatho wemveliso nemeko yazo. Lowo usebenza ngokutya kwezilwanyane okanye inkampani ethengisa ukutya kwazo inganceda ukudibanisa indlela yokutya yeebhokhwe.

Iindlela Zokutyisa iiBhokhwe

©Marinda Louw

Iibhokhwe zizilwanyana ezibuthathaka ezinendlela engaqhelekanga yokutya. Azikutyi ukutya okumdaka okanye okunuka kakubi kwaye azizithandi iindawo ezimanzi, ezinengca endala enyathelweyo. Ukutya kwebhokhwe makucoceke kube kutsha kwaye kufuneka kubekwe kwisitya sokutyela kwazo. Gcina izitya zazo zicocekile ngokususa iintsalela. Xa uzinika ingca, yifake okanye uyixhome idityanisiwe emthini okanye ngento yokuyibamba edongeni.
Ibhokhwe zizilwanyane ezidla ingca, kwaye zingakhetha ukutya ingca efana ne Lucerne ne cowpeas (eziphezulu kwi protein), kunamazimba, umbona, ingca ethe yadidiyelwa efumileyo kunye nemizi.
Thenga ukutya okuludidi oluphezulu okwaziyo ukufikelela kuko ngexabiso ukugcine kude elangeni nase mvuleni. Qokelela ingca etyiswa izilwanyane ngexesha lokukhula kwayo uyigcinele amaxesha okunqaba kokutya ngexesha lonyaka elomileyo. Isivuno esizintsalela zesidlo sakusasa kunye nokutya kwingca kufuneka zinqunqwe phambi kokutyiswa kwaye ingqolowa ingagutywa. Xuba ukutya kakuhle ukuze iibhokhwe zingakhethi ezindawo zimnandi zodwa. Ukuze ukutya ukunikeze kusekutsha, xuba ukutya kosuku kodwa. Ungakuyeki ukutya kubekudala okanye kungunde. Xa kukho utshintsho ekutyeni kweebhokhwe, malenziwe utshintsho kancinci, kwisithuba seveki.

Izidingo Zamandla ne Protein kwii Bhokhwe

©Marinda Louw

iCarbohydrates namafutha, zizombini zinikeza amandla. Amandla ayadingeka ukuze isilwanyane sikhule, sichume ngokwenzala, ukuzala, nokumelana okanye ukunyamezela izifo neenkumbi. Iibhokhwe zidinga iprotein. Iprotein yeyona inceda ukukhula amajoni omzimba nomzimba kwizilwanyane zonke kwaye ibalulekile ukuze zikhule, ukunyamezelana nokuchasa, izifo, ukuzala, nokuncancisa (nokuvelisa ubisi). Enye yokutya okubalulekileyo kwiibhokhwe kokunikeza Amandla – abonakaliswa njenge TDN - Ingqokelela yezinongo ezityekayo.
Konke ukutya ibhokhwe ethi ikutye ngemini kujongwa ngokwe (Dry Matter Intake) (DMI) ekukutya okomileyo ngolwimi lwesintu. Umlinganiselo wokutya okomileyo okutyiweyo kuxhomekeka kubungakanani bebhokhwe, ekwenzayo, nemveliso yayo. I-DMI ephezulu izakufumaneka xa kukho ukutya okwaneleyo kwaye kunencasa. Ukongeza okuhlaza okwaneleyo ekutyeni kwebhokhwe kunyanzelekile, nokuba uvelisa inyama yebhokhwe, okanye ubisi lwebhokhwe. Iibhokhwe zobisi zidinga okuhlaza ngaphezulu kwebhokhwe zenyamam lilonke qinisekisa ukutya okuninzi okuhlaza ukondla iibhokhwe zakho. Xa amadlelo engekho, tyala iintlobo ezohlukileyo zengca nemithi emincinci kumhlaba osecaleni.
Ukutya okuphezulu emandleni ngumbona, barley, ingqolowa yabadidiyeli okanye iintsipho ne ‘cottonseed oil cake meal’ (ngqolowa yabadidiyeli zintsale ezishiyekelayo emveni kokudidiyela, iintsipho ngamafutshane nangona ibhali ingamazimba okwenza umqombothi ukudidiyela, ingqolowa, umbona, rayisi, mazimba, kunye ne millet ziyasetyenziswa nazo). Ukutya kweebhokhwe okuphezulu kwi protein kuquka ukutya kwentlanzi, ukutya okwenziwe ngembotyi ze soya, ukutya kwe cottonseed oil cake kunye neentsipho.

Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie