Ku Phamela Timbuti

Timbuti tina ndhuma yakuva swifuwo leswi fuyiwaka hikokwalaho ka kuva ti dya byasi na matluka ya swinsinyani na swihlahla emapurasini xikan’we na tihomu. Leswi swidyaka (matluka kusuka eswinsinyanini) swivula leswaku ati phikizani na tihomu eka swakudya. Ku engetela kwalano, mintolovelo ya madyelo ya timbuti ya pfuna kuherisiwa ka swihlala eka tindzhawu ta Savannah na bushveld, kambe swinga vanga kudyiwa ngopfu ka swimilani.

Timbuti totala leti hlayisiwaka emakaya (kufana na timbuti ta xikaya) ati tali ku nyikiwa swakudya swa grain kambe tikuma furu tani hi swakudya, leswivulaka leswaku, mbuyelo wa masi ya toana wa siku na siku wule hansi swinene. Ku tiyisisa vuhumelerisi bya kahle bya masi, kuta laveka swakudya swo engetelela naswona tipfumela ku hlayisiwa naku phameriwa swakudya leswi swo engetelela. Ku phamela timbuti ta masi, timbuti ta nyama na timbuti leti fuweriwaka voya (mohair kumbe cashmere) swita lava swakudya kuya hi xiyimo xa tona na xiteji xa vuhumelerisi. Mutivi wa swakudya swa swifuwo kumbe khamphani ya swakudya yinga pfuneta ku endla swakudya leswi ringaneleke eka timbuti.

Mintolovelo Yaku Phamela Timbuti

©Marinda Louw

Timbuti i swifuwo leswi nyenyelaka ngopfu eka mintolovelo ya maphamelelo. Ati dyi swakudya leswinga thyaka kumbe swinuhaka naswona ati rhandzi swakudya swotsakama kumbe swakudya swa khale leswinga thyakisiwa. Swakudya swa swifuwo swifanele kuva leswinga basa naswona swifanele kuva swi cheriwa eka xibye. Tiyisisa leswaku swibye switshama swibasile hikuva u susa swakudya leswinga sala. Loko u phamela hay, yiveki eka ti hay-racks kumbe u hayeka swakudya hi swichocho kusuka e nsinyeni kumbe eka khumbi. Timbuti tina makhwiri lawa yangana tikamara naswona swa antswa tidya swakudya swati legumes swotani hi lucerne nati cowpeas (leswingale henhla hiti protein), kutlula sorghum, mavele, silage kumbe tinhlanga.
Xava khwalithi ya kahle ya swakudya leyi uyi fikelelaka naswona uyi hlayisa laha yinga fikelelriweki hi dyambu na mpfula. Hlengeleta hay hinkarhi wa yona naswona uyi hlayisa leswaku loko yita sungula ku kuva utava uri na yona. Cereal crop residues na byaswi swifane ku tsemeleriwa loko swinga se phameriwa kutani ti grains ti kandziwa. Mpfanganisa swakudya leswaku swisivela timbuti kuva ti hlawulela leswi tilavaka kudya swona kuya hi leswi nandzihaka. Ku phamela swakudya swotsakama; swakudya swa siku rin’we ntsena swilulamerile kuva swi katsiwa. Unga pfumeleli swakudya swiva swakhale kumbe swikurha. Ku cinca kun’wana na kunwana ka swakudya swa timbuti ku fanele ku tisiwa hikantsongo ntsongo, hi nkarhi waku ringana vhiki.

Energy nati Protein leti Lavekaka eka Timbuti

©Marinda Louw

Ti carbohydrates na mafurha hinkwaswo swinyika matimba. Matimba ya laveka kukula, kutswala, kutswalana naku kondzelela mavabyi na switswonga ngati. Timbuti tilava ti protein.
Ti protein hitona ti Akaka cell yin’wana na yin’wana eka miri wa swifuwo naswona swikahle eka kukula, ku kondzelela mavabyi, ku tswalana na ku endliwa ka masi. Xin’wana xa swiave swa nkoka swa swakudya swa timbuti hinkwato i matimba – lawa ya vuriwaka TDN = total digestible nutrients. Nhlayo leyi heleleke ya swakudya swa mbuti leswi yingata swidya hi siku swipimiwa hi kuya hi ‘Dry Matter Intake' (DMI).
Nlhayo ya dry matter leyi dyiwaka yiya hi xiyimo xa mbuti, migingiriko na vuhumelerisi bya yona. DMI leyi lavekaka yinga fikeleriwa ntsena loko kuri na swakudya sworinganela naswona swinantsweka kahle. Swi engetela nhlayo yo ringanela ya rihlaza eka swakudya swa mbuti swa masiku hinkwawo swa boha, hambi loko u fuwa mbuti u fuwela nyama kumbe masi. Timbuti ta masi hixitalo tilava rihlaza kutlula timbuti ta nyama, se tiyisisa leswaku u phakela rihlaza roringanela eka timbuti ta wena. Loko madyelo yangari kona, byala tinxaka to hambana hambana ta byasi na swinsinyani eka xiphemu xohambana xa misava.
Mpfanganyiso wa swakudya leswingana matimba yotala i mavele, barley, vudyangwani na cottonseed oil cake meal. (Vudyangwani hi lebyisalaka loko kuheta ku endliwa byalwa. Hambi leswi barley kunga xinwana lexi tirhisiwaka ngopfu eka ku endla byalwa, wheat, mavele, rhayisi, sorghum na millet naswona swa tirhisiwa.) Swakudya swa timbuti swale henhla hiti protein swikatsa fishmeal, soya bean meal, cottonseed oil cake meal xikan’we na vudyangwani.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni