Umbungu wokungunda incinane ayinakubonwa ngamehlo, kwaye ibufana nesityalo. Inentsholongwane yokungunda, kwaye emva kokuntshula. Ivamise ukuntshula msinya emva kwemozulu efumileyo neshushu. Iye yenze iintsholongwane zokungunda ezisasazwa ngumoya okanye ngamanzi.
Umzekelo ophilayo walentsholongwane, kukungunnda okukhula esonkeni ukuba sigcinwe kwi plastiki iintsuku eziliqela. Kufumile kwaye kushushu ngaphakathi eplastikini, ezintsholongwane zibasechamini lokuntshula ke ngoku.
Iintsholongwane zokungunda zivuthelwa okanye zitshizelwe kwigqabi lomdiliya elimanzi, isiqu okanye ibhantshi yomdiliya ze intshule ukuba ikwindawo efumileyo. Ingena kwigqabi ngomngxunyana omncinci ofumaneka kwixolo legqabi. Lentsholongwane itya amajoni esityalo ize ihambe yonke indawo, itsala izinongo ze amajoni ajike abemdaka okanye ngwevu ngombala.
Isikhumba esifileyo sijika umbala sibe mdaka ze ethubeni sijike sibe mnyama logama ukungunda okububoya bukhula kulemingxunyana. Lentsholongwane yokungunda ihlala ilele kwisityalo esisulelekileyo, emhlabeni nkqu nakwi midumba.
Ukub usuleleko sele lunwenwile, ukungunda akulawuleki lula, kodwa singalawuleka ngcono ngezibulali ntsholongwane zokungunda ezitshizwayo. Ubuchule bezibulali kungunda zifunxwa sisityalo ze zibulale lentsholongwane yokungunda ngaphakathi kwi sityalo.
Ezona zifo zokungunda zixhaphakileyo zezi: powdery mildew (oidium), downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola), dead arm disease (streepvlek - Phomopsis viticola), botrytis (vaalvrot), Eutypa dieback (tandpyn) kunye ne ‘Black Goo’ (wortelvrot).
Translated by Zizipho Silwana