Iibhokwe Zemveli zase Mzantsi Afrika
Izizwe ezabhacayo zisuka kumbindi Afrika zabhacela emazantsi zibaleka izifo ezisuka kwimpukane i (tsetse fly) kunye ne zifo ezisuka kwiintakumba futhi besiza neentlobo zebhokhwe ezineendlebe ezinde nezimfutshane.
Ezibhokhwe zingaphila nangayo nayiphi na indidi yesityalo kwaye ziphile ze zizale nakwiimeko ezinzima. Kwezondawo zinezihlahla ezinameva zase Mpuma Koloni, ukufuywa kwebhokhwe kwakhula. Apha abafuyi beebhokhwe bokuhlala azifunela iibhokhwe ezinoboya obufutshane kunye neendlebe ezileleyo ezithe zavula iindawo ezinezityalo ezinameva zivulela ukufuywa kodidi lwebhokhwe ebizawa i Angora, iigusha kunye neenkomo.
Iibhokhwe ezimhlophe ziye zakhethwa kuba kwakulula ukuzibona kwaye kungekudala ukuzaliswa kwazo kunye neenkunzi zebhokhwe ezimabalabala kuveze isiqalo sebhokhwe yamabhulu kwifama I Kaalplaas kufutshane ne Kaladokhwe (Cradock). Ukufuya ngokuphangaleleyo kumadlelo emveli kuyenzeka kwiindawo ezinemida ephangaleleyo e Mzantsi Afrika kwaye kuzisa ingeniso ukuxuba izimvu ezahlukileyo njengokongeza iibhokhwe kwizimvu ezikhoyo efama. Iibhokhwe zinendima enkulu kuphuhliso, nto leyo equka intengiso yeebhokhwe zemveli kunye nezinto zazo ezinjengesikhumba.
Ibhokhwe i(Mbuzi)
I Nguni type (Mbuzi) mhlawumbi yeyona ixhaphakileyo kunezinye iindidi ezicacileyo zeebhokhwe zemveli kwaye ithanda ukufumaneka kwiindawo ezinemvula eziphezulu zase Mzantsi Afrika. Iibhokhwe i Mbuzi zincinci ukuya phakathi ngokwakhiwa, zibe iimazi zincinci nangakumbi kwiinkunzi. Ubuso buthanda ukuba mbaca nangona ezinye iinkunzi zinempumlo yama Roma. Iimpondo neendevu zikhona kuzo zombini inkunzi nemazi. Ibhokhwe i Mbuzi yindidi emabala-bala, inemibala emininzi engaqhawuka-qhawukiyo kunye noboya obufutshane obumenyezelayo. Ezinye zezibhokhwe zingakhulisa noboya be (cashmere) kwiingingqi ezibandayo.
Iibhokhwe zase Mpuma Koloni
Ibhokhwe yase Mpuma Koloni yama Xhosa yephakathi ukuya ekugqibeleleni ngobukhulu bezihlunu. Ubuso bayo bude kwaye butsolo iinendlebe ezileleyo. Iimpondo zikhona kuzo zombini izini, kodwa iindevu zikho kwiinkunzi azifani zibekho kwiimazi. Iindevu zenkuzi zinkulu. Iindidi zemibala edibeneyo, njengemibala omhlophe, omnyama, omdaka, nomdaka-bomvu, mbejembeje (imibala emibini okanye emininzi), ziphawuliwe futhi zichokoziwe, imibala yeentyatyambo kunye nemibala yelitye i (marble), futhi zonke iindidi zemibala zikhona. Iibhokhwe ezininzi zinesikhumba esinoboya obufutshane, obumenyezelayo, kwaye zinakho ukukhulisa uboya i (cashmere) kubusika oububandayo.
Ibhokhwe Ephawulekileyo yase Mntla-Koloni
Ibhokhwe ephawulekileyo (Speckled) iphuma ku Mntla-Koloni owomileyo kwaye yathathwa ngamafama angamavula-ndlela eyisa e Namibia apho amanye amafama akhona azigcina zingangxengwanga. I Speckled inezihlunu ezinkulu, kwaye ngobukhulu yibhokhwe ephakathi ide ibe nkulu. Ineendlebe ezinkulu ezileleyo futhi zombini inkuzi nemazi zinamaphondo. Iindevu ziyafumaneka kwiinkuzi, nakwezinye iimazi. Iindevu zenkunzi zithanda ukuba nkulu.
Intloko kunye nemilenze zebhokhwe i Speckled ziphantse zanombala opheleleyo, nomtshitho omhlophe ebunzi phakathi kweempondo. Umzimba wayo wonke mhlophe, ugqunywe ngu bomvu, ngumdaka-bomvu, okanye amachokoza amnyama, nomgca omnyama ngazulu komva, nangaphambili entanyeni. Ubuninzi beebhokhwe zinesikhumba esinoboya obufutshane obumenyezelayo kwaye ziyakwazi ukukhulisa uboya i (cashmere) kubusika obubandayo.
Ibhokhwe IKunene (Kaokoland)
I bhokhwe I Kunene lundidi lweebhokhwe e bhityileyo enomzimba omkhulu enemilenze ebhityileyo, eqhelene neemeko ezinzima zengingqi yase Kunene e Namibia eqhele ukufumaneka kubantu abajikelezayo ababizwa Himba. Ezibhokhwe zikuqhelile ukuhamba kwaye zingahamba imida emide xa ziyokufuna amanzi. Ezibhokhwe zinobuso obunqinileyo kunye neendlebe ezinkulu ezidiniweyo kunye neempondo zikhona kuzo zombini izini. Ibhokhwe i Kaokoland yibhokhwe emibala-bala (imibala edibeneyo nephawulayo) enoboya obufutshane obumileyo ukuya kuboya obude obuyephuyephu.
Translated by Aviwe Damane
