Aetiology – Tshivhangi tsha vhulwadze.
Amino Acids – Zwishumiswa zwine zwa da nga mvelo kha dzi tissue dza tshimela. Amino acid ndi yone ine ya kona u fhaṱa luvhondo lwa u vala.
Anthelmintic – Mushonga une wa shuma u pandela zwivhungu zwa nga ngomu.
Antibiotic – Tshishumiswa tshine tsha bveledzwa nga micro-organisms kana synthetically (penicillin, Streptomycin, na zwinwevho) zwine zwa vha na maanḓa au kona u kwashekanya dzinwe dzi micro-organism.
Antibodies – Tshishumiswa tshine tsha bveledzwa nga muvhili tshi tshi khou fhindula zwitzhili, na vhuṱungu. Antibodies dzi ya dzhia ndango ya u lwisana na zwithu zwe zwa sikiwa.
Antigen – Tshishumiswa tshine tsha fhungudza ubveledzwa ha dzi antibodies arali dzo ḓivhiswa kha muvhili. Zwa u ṱhavhela zwine zwa vha na antigens zwine zwa fhungudza muvhili wa tshifuwo kha u fhaṱa dzi antibodies hu tshi khou lwiwa na malwadze.
Antigen (Killed or Inactive) – Tshishumiswa tshine tsha fhungudza u thoma u vhonala na u bvelela ha dzi antibody.
Antigen (Living) – Tshishumiswa tsho no shuma u fhungudza u bveledzwa ha dzi antibody.
Antiseptic – U aluwa ha dzi micro-organisms, kana zwishumiswa zwa u thivhela u hula.
Antiserum - Serum ine ya vha ina dzi antibodies. Iya bveledza u tsireledzea ha tshifhinga tshiṱuku lwa vhege mbili kana nṋa.
Antitoxin - Serum ine ya vha ina mulimo wo khetheaho u kona u langa antibodies.
Astringent – Mushonga une wa vha u tshi kona u langa dzi tissue na lessens secretions.
Atrophy – U laṱa kana u nyetha ha tshivhumbeo tsha dzi cele kana dzi tissue.
Attenuation – Mushumo wa u hula ha vhulwadze ha virulence kana altering I tshi khou bveledza tshithu tshihulwane nga u tshi tendela tshi tshi hula kha tshinwe, hu tshi khou itelwa zwithu zwa u ṱhavhela.
Autogenous vaccine – Zwa u ṱhavhela zwine zwa vha zwo itwa nga dzi organism dzi ya ita uri hu ṱahe vhulwadze.
Bacteria – Tshigwada tsha cele nthihi, na ṱhukhusa kha dzoṱhe.
Bactericidal – U ita zwithu zwa u kona u vhulaha zwitzhili.
Bacterin – Tshishumiswa tsha u kona u vhulaha zwitzhili, u tshi khou lugisa u ṱhavhela.
Biological – Mishonga ine ya vha yo itwa i tshi khou bva kha tshithu tshine tsha vha uri tshi ya tshila. Kanzhi i shumiswa kha u thivhela vhulwadze unga vhona bacteria, vaccine, antiserum, antitoxin)
Booster Vaccine – Hu nga vha u ṱhavhela ha vhuvhili kana ho vhalaho hune ha fhiwa u engedza uri tshifuwo tshi kone u lwa na vhulwadze.
Caustic Corrosive – Tshithu tshine tshi ya kona u tshinyadza dzi tissue dzine dza vha dzi tshi khou tshila.
Coccidia - Protozoan organisms zwine zwa shata dzi cell dzine dza vha dzo ḓala na vhubvo hadzo.
Diluent – Zwiluḓi zwine zwa shuma kha u vhuyedza zwa u ṱhavhela zwine zwa vha uri zwo no oma uri zwi kone u ḓala.
Drench – Ufha zwiluḓi nga mulomo.
Electrolytes – Zwithu zwine zwa itwa ho ṱangana dzi mineral dzo fhambanaho dzine dza thusa kha uri muvhili u dzule wo dzika.
Gestation – U di hwala (kha mbudzi ndi maḓuvha a150).
Haemorrhage – U xelelwa nga malofha.
Immunity – U kona ha muvhili u hana kana u kunda u shatiwa. Antibodies ndi yone ine ya shuma mushumo muhulwane.
Immunity (Acquired) – Tshifuwo tshe kale tsha thoma tsha kunda vhulwadze zwino tsho no kavhiwa.
Immunity (Active) – Immunity ine khayo zwithu zwa u kona u tsireledza kha vhulwadze zwi ya bveledzwa kha muvhili wone uṋe.
Immunity (Innate) – Zwine wa vha wo tou zwi dzhia zwi tshi bva kha mbudzi dza hau dzine dza vha dzo kavhiwa.
Immunity (Maternal) – Zwithu zwine zwa vha uri zwi ya fhirela zwa immunity zwa ḓisa uri zwithu zwa immune zwi kone u fhirela kha zwinwe ufana na kha mme zwi tshi ya kha nwana. Hezwi zwi nga kha ḓi ya nga uterus kana musi i tshi khou mamisa nga maanḓa kha (colostrum).
Immunity (Passive) – Immunity ine ya shuma kha u fhirisela zwithu zwi tshi khou bva kha inwe. Zwi nga itwa nga mitshini nga u dzhia serum ubva kha immune ya tshifuwo tshine tsha sa vhe na immune unga zwiita nga maduvha kana nga dzi vhege.
Infection – U vha hone ha vhulwadze zwo bva kha zwithu zwine zwa nga zwitshili na zwinwe vho.
Inflammation – Ndi musi muvhili u tshi khou fhindula kha u vhaisala, tshifuwo tshi nga vha tsho vhaiswa nga hune tsha dzula hone kana nga mushonga kana nga mudagasi. U zwi vhona nga u tsukuluwa, vhuṱungu mufhiso na u zwimba.
Inoculate – Ndi u ḓivhisa mushonga muswa, kana zwa u ṱhavhela kana zwinwe zwine zwa nga thusa kha u thivhela na u lafha.
Insecticide – Tshishumiswa tshine tsha shuma u vhulaha zwikhokhonono.
Intramuscular Injection (IM) – U ṱhavhiwa kha misipha.
Intraperitoneal (IP) – U ṱhavhiwa kha thumbu.
Intravenous (IV) – U ṱhavhiwa kha tsinga.
L.D. – Mushonga wo linganelaho, wo no vhulaha.
Metabolism – Tshikalo tsha zwithu zwi vhonalaho na mishonga hune huya kona u bveledza zwithu zwi tshilaho zwine zwa kona u ṱhogomela.
Pharmaceutical – Mushonga une wa shuma u tshi khou lwisana na zwa biology.
Serum – Malofha ane avha a sina dzi cele. Serum ine ya vha i tshi khou bva kha tshifuwo ya iswa kha inwe nyimelo uri i kone u fhiwa immunit zwi ḓivhiwa sa antiserum.
Stress – Zwoṱhe zwine zwa ita uri tshifuwo zwi leluwe uri tshi kavhiwe nga malwadze. Mutsiko unga vha nga hune ya vha hone, zwiḽiwa kana zwa nga nnḓa.
Subclinical – U sa vha na u dzhenelela ha zwa clinical, zwi ambiwa nga tshifhinga tsha u thoma, kana zwa fhiwa vhulwadze.
Subcutaneous (SQ) – Fhasi ha lukanda.
Toxaemia – U wana mulimo nga mulandu wa u fema zwithu zwine zwa vha khombo, kanzhi zwitzhili zwine zwa vha zwo sikiwa hune ha vha uri ho kavhiwa, kanzhi ndi kha mulimo wa malofhani.
Toxin – Tshishumiswa tshine tsha vha na mulimo.
Toxoid – Vhuṱungu vhune havha uri ho no lafhiwa u tshi khou bvisa vhuṱungu haho fhedzi ha sala huna maanḓa a u kona u thoma dzi antibodies musi yo ṱhavhiwa kha muvhili.
Trauma – Tshilonda kana u vhaisala.
Vaccines – Zwishumiswa zwine zwa itwa hu tshi khou itelwa u fha immunity ine ya shuma. U ṱhavhela zwi nga itwa ubva kha zwitzhili kana protozoa, kana dzi tshi khou tshila kana dzo fa, ubva kha vhutungu.
Vaccines (Bacterial) – U ṱhavhela hune ha tsireledza ulwa na vhulwadze ha zwitzhili.
Vaccine (Killed Virus) – u ṱhavhelwa hune havha hu tshi khou bveledzwa kha tshifuwo tshine tsha vha uri tsho kavhiwa, kha khuhu kana tshifuwo hune zwitzhii zwine zwa vha uri zwo khethea. Zwitzhili zwine zwa vha uri zwo fa zwi ya kona u bveledza dzi antibodies arali yo ṱhavhelwa kha tshifuwo.
Vaccine (Live Virus) – Mushonga une wa bveledzwa nga u alusa mvelo ine ya tshila hune ubva khayo hu vha hu tshi khou lugiselwa u ṱhavhela.
Vaccine (Modified Live Virus) – Mushonga une wa vha wo itwa ubva kha tshitzhili tsha A attenuated.
Vaccine (Monovalent) – U ṱhavhelwa hune ha bveledza vhulwadze ha immunity.
Vaccine(Polyvalent) – Mushonga une wa bveledza immunity ine ya lwa na malwadze manzhi.
Vaccine (Viral) – Mushonga une wa thivhela u lwa na malwadze.
Virus – Zwithu zwine zwa kona u shavhela, ndi zwithu u fana na zwitzhili zwinzhi zwi ya kona u ḓala kha zwithu zwitshilaho, zwa dzula kha dzi cele. Zwitzhili zwi nga tshila lwa tshifhinga tshilapfu nnḓa ha dzi cele. Zwinwe zwitzhili zwi ya ḓisa malwadze, manwe ha vhulahi.
Doweleyaho zwa tshi Latin na Maipfi a Greek Terms na Imelaho Shumiswa khou Nwaliwa
a.c. ante cibum – zwine zwa fanaadad to: u swika kha
ad lib. Ad libitum – nga mulalo
alternishorisalternishoris – nga awara
anteante – hu saathu
aq. aqua - maḓi
b.i.d. bis in die – luvhili nga ḓuvha
bisbis - luvhili
c cum - na
capscapsula – tshikalo
etet - na
gttgutta(e) - marotha
H. hora – nga awara
hor.som.,H.S. hora somni – musi hu tshi khou eḓeliwa
in d. in dies – ḓuvha na ḓuvha
interinter - vhukati
lin. linimentum - linament
liq. liquor - thandululo
lot. lotio - mapfura
noctisnoctis – ya vhusiku
nonnon – hu sina
non.rep. non repetatur – u songo dovholola
O.D. oculus dexter – liṱo ḽa tsha uḽa
O.L. oculus laevus – ḽiṱo ḽa tsha monde
omn. or. omni hora – nga murahu ha awara inwe na inwe
p.c. post cibos – u tshi fhedza uḽa
p.r.n. pro re nata – sa zwine zwa ṱoḓea
q.h. quaque hora – awara inwe na inwe
q.i.d. quater in die – luṋa nga ḓuvha
q.s. quantum sufficit – nga nḓila ine zwa khou ṱoḓea ngayo
t.i.d. ter in die – lurahu nga ḓuvha
ut dict. ut dictum – sa zwe zwa ambiswa zwoneTranslated by Khalirendwe Nekhavhambe