Vunanga na Ncino eka Ndzhavuko wa va Venda

Xiphemu xa Nkoka xa Vutomi bya va Venda

©Dr Peter Magubane

Vunanga na ncino swina xiave xikulu swinene eka vutomi by rixaka ra va Venda, laha byinga kona eka minkhuvo ya vukati xikan’we na minkosi, migingiriko ya xintu na ngoma, loko ku nwiwa byalwa na tinhlengeletano tin’wani. Ncino nawona wuna nkoka swinene nale ka tikereke leti va Venda vanga welaka ehansi ka tona.

Tinqambi tin’wana titlanga vuyimbeleri bya ndhuma na bya vukhongeri, kambe na bya xintu byi tala ku nghenisiwa eka ku endliwa ka bya masiku lawa. Swichayachayani, vunanga, tinsimu na ncino swikombeta xiyimo na matimba naswona swina nkoka wa vukhongeri. Swichayachayani swotala leswi masiku lawa swikalaka kun’wani swaha tirhisiwa: mbila (xylophone), mbira (thumb piano), thsikona (reed flutes), xitiringi, mirumba (treble drums), ngoma (bass drums) na thungwa (kufana na ngoma, kambe leyintsongo).

Tihosi atiri (nasweswi tahari na) na ntlawa wa tshikona, lowu vuswikoti bya wona byi kombetaka matimba na nhlonipho, lowunga eka vanhu va wona. Ngoma, i xin’wana xa leswikombetaka vuhosi, naswona khale ayi tlangiwa ntsena e khoto. Vana lavantsongo ava hlohleteriwa ku cisetela vunanga na ncino wa lavakulu.

Loko vakurile, vayimbelela tinsimu ta vana (nyimbo dza vhana): nyimbo, leti olovaka leti tirhisiwaka exikarhi ka siku, kutani ngano, nimadyambu, ngopfu ngopfu hinkarhi wa ntshovelo (mavhuya-haya). Leto hetelela hitona tinsimu ta swiphato, leti talaka ku yimbeleriwa hi lavakulu na vana va rimbewu hinkwaro.

Dzhombo, ayiri na nkombiso xikan’we na ncino lowu pfukanaka, wuva kona loko kurina nweti evusikwini bya mavhuya-haya. Vanhwenyani na vafana ava langutana kutani swilandzeriwa hiku phokotela mavoko, ncinao wuvakona exikarhi ka mintila. Mucini u khumba wa rimbewu ro hambana na rayena kukomba ntsakelo. Tinsimu tina mpfumawulo wokarhi naswona tatika kutlula nyimbo na ngano.

Micino nkulu wa xi Venda

©Dr Peter Magubane

Mincino nkulu leyi ciniwaka hi vantshwa loko vangase nghena eka vukati i tshikanganga na tshigombela. Leswi i xiphemu xa nkoka xa vutomi bya vona, kambe vumbhoni byi hlamusela leswaku ahi swakhale ngopfu. Ncino wa tshikanganga i ncino lowu hatlisaka swinene llowu vafana va chayaka ti reed-flutes kutani vanhwenyani va hlavelela hi thungwa na xigubu xa mirumba.

Leswi swi endleriwa ntsena ku tiphina kambe kufanele kukumiwa mpfumelelo kusuka eka ndhuna kumbe hosi. Ncono wa tshigombela, wa vanhwenyani, wuhumelela loko kunga seva na ntshovelo.

Wu hlaveleriwa hi thungwa yin’we na swigumbu swimbirhi swa mirumba, nhwenyani u sungularisimu kutani lavanwani vahlavelela; vacna hi xirhendzevutani lexi yaka eka tlhelo leri wachi yi humaka kona, kutani risimu riya emahlweni ri tlakuka. Ncino wa malombo i xiphemu xavumbirhi loko ku chayeriwa munhu loyi angina swikwembu (hi xitalo wa xisati) loyi angina moya wa valehansi (tshilombo).

Loko wansati a vabya kutani na’nga yi kombisa leswaku u lava ku chayeriwa tshilombo, ku fanele kuva na kutshunguriwa ko hlawuleka. Eka xiphemu xosungula, mutivi nkulu (maine a tshele) u tisa wansati loyi eka xiyimo xaku tekeriwa moya, leswi endlaka leswaku a titivala, a tshunguriwa hi mirhi kutani a kombela valehansi leswaku vatitivisa xikan’we naku tsakela ka vona. Moya wu tivisiwa e mirini wa wansati loyi.

Eka xiyimo xa vumbirhi, ku nghenisiwa vanhu lava cinaka ncino wa malombo lavanga chayeriwa ekusunguleni kutani va hola. Ncino lowu wuhumelela ekhorweni ra muti wa hosi, leyi kunga yona yi lombaka vanhu lava swichayachayani swin’wana swa yona.

Moya wa munhu wa xinuna xikan’we na vaxisati lavangana moya lowu vanga vonaka onge hinkwavo i vavanuna, va ambala swiambalo swa vavanuna (mabaji, thayi na swidloko) kutani va khoma swilo swa vavanuna (leswi cisetelaka matlhari kumbe swihloka). Leswi swi endle leswaku kutshembiwa leswaku malombo ya lulamiseriwe ku lwisana na xiyimo xo hlawuleka xa vananuna.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni