Vanhu va Ntwana e Afrika Dzonga

© Dr Peter Magubane

Ku Cincana ka Mindzhavuko

Kwarrielaagte e xifundzeni xa Mpumalanga e Afrika Dzong kuna ndzhawu yikulu ya Ntwana. Yi xaviwe eka murimi wa mulungu ekusunguleni ka century leyi hinga eka yona, nkunguhato wa Kwarrielaagte leswi wunga endlisiwa xiswona, kufana na mindhzavuko, mambalelo xikan’we na maendlelo ya vutshila bya vanhu lavatshamaka kona, swikombisa ntshamiseko eka vanhu. Xirho xin’wana na xin’wana xa ntlawa xina xiyimo xokarhi, kuya hi ntumbuluko nale vanhwini endzhawini, leswinga onhiweki hiku cinca ka matimu, mabulu ya vanhu xikan’we na ndzhavuko.

Ku cincana ka ndzhavuko exikarhi ka rixaka ra Ntwana na ma Pedi swivonaka hile ka ma ambalelo lawa ya fanaka (vavasati hinkwavo kusuka eka mintlawa leyi va ambala rhoko leyinga vuyeteriwa laha xifuveni tani hiya ndzhavuko), ndzhavuko, vupfumeri, ma akekelo ya laha vatshamaka kona (mintlawa leyi hi vumbirhi yitshama eka ndzhawu ya vanhu va Northern Sotho) na ririmi.

Ma Ndebele vativeka kuva vavile na vuxaka byikulu na va Ntwana, byi tiyisiwa hi kutekana, ntirhisano eka ngoma xikanwe naku fana eka makhaviselo ya vaxisati, kufana na vuhlalu byale nhanwini lebyi ambariwaka hi vavasati kusuka eka mintlawa leyi hivumbirhi ka yona. Mintlawa leyi yiri yinharhu yitekela enhlokweni ku avana ka matimba eka mintirho ya rimbewu naswona valangutele eka kurima leswaku vata tihanyisa.

Matimu ya Rixaka ra Ntwana

Kufana nale Transvaal ma Ndebele na ma Pedi, hiku hela ka 19th century va Ntwana ava langutane naku lawuriwa hiva koloni kukatsa nku famba uya tirha leswi aswi endla leswaku vava na swakudya e tafuleni. Swiyimo leswi swa matimu switiyise nhlohletelo wa leswi ava swipfumela na ndzhavuko leswaku kutava na ndlela ya vutomi lebyi abyi cinciwa.

Vito ra Ntwana ('ku oma nhloko' kumbe 'muhluri') risukela eka nhenha leyi fambelanaka na ntlawa lowunga phatluka kusuka eka Bamangwato. Kuvikiwa leswaku, un’we wa vana va hosi u tulle xiyila mayelana no dya nyama ya nkuzi. U hetelele a landzuriwa kutani a fambisiwa na ntlawa wa vaxengi eku heleni ka malembe yava 1780s kuya sungula ntlawa wa Ntwana.

Namuntlha ntlawa lowu wutshame eka tindzhawu ta Moutse, e dzongeni wa Groblersdal e xifundzeni xa Mpumalanga. Hambi leswi rixaka ra Ntwana ringa rona ringa tala e Moutse, ndzhawu yaha talele hi ma Pedi, Swazi, Sotho nama Ndebele. Kufikela hi 1986 tinxaka leti to hambana ati tshamisane hikurhula, laha ava avelana maendlelo ya vumunhu, vati nghenisa eka ndzhavuko lowu fanaka kukatsa naku tekana.

Ntshamiseko lowu wu herisiwe hi 1986 loko Moutse yinghenisiwa hinkanu eka khale ka tiko xikaya ra KwaNdebeIe. Rixaka ra Ntwana ritit omisile nhloko eka mhaka leyi; laha ringa sungula kutirhisa tindlela ta vusocha loko rikombisa kuvilela, laha ndzhawu ya Dennilton na Kwarrielaagte yinga hundzuka ndzhawu ya nyimpi, nyimpi leyi ayi khumba vanhu hinkwavo kukatsa na vaakelani na mindyangu.

Hambi leswi exikarhi ka kupfala ntshamiseko lowu mindzhavuko yotala ya rixaka ra Ntwana yiyile emahlweni, ngopfu ngopfu exikarhi ka vavasati. Hinkarhi owu vavanuna vavona avangari kona – votala vavona ava tirhela kule – ava boheka ku khoma ikhonomi ya muganga hile tlhelo vaya emahlweni na mintirho yavona ya ndzhavuko tani hi vavasati naku tswala vana.

Translated by Ike Ngobeni