Ndlela ya ntumbulukonaku chipa yo sivela kumbe ku hunguta switsotswana iku sirhelela valala va ntumbuluko va switsotswana sweswo. Hindlela yoleyo, valala lava vantumbuluko vata pfuneta ku lawula switsotswana eka swimilani swa wena. Kutala ka muxaka wun’we swinga komba leswaku kuna leswi kayivelaka kuya hi ntumbuluko eka ndzhawu yoleyo naswona sweswo swingava swirikarhi swivula leswaku valala vantumbuluko va switsotswana sweswo ava kona naswona akuna ndzinganelo eka ndzhawu yoleyo.
Biodiversity hi loko tinxaka totala to hambana hambana hi swivumbeko (e.g. swimilani, swinyenyani, switsotswana, na ti microbes) swihanya eka ndzhawu yoleyo. Valala vantumbuluko va hanya eka tindzhawu letingana biodiversity yalehenhla naswona laha n’wa mapurasi anga ha endli maendlelo lawa yo byala muxaka wun’we wa swimilani.
Valala va ntumbuluko va switsotswana vakatsa: Valala va switsotswana tani hiti ladybirds nati parasitic wasps, swikokovi (minkolombyani) na ti amphibians (machela), mapume Biodiversity yinga antswisiwa kungari kihu fafazeriwa ka murhi wodlaya switsotswana naku byala swimilani (kungari ku hlasela) votshamo bya swona bya ntumbuluko kumbe swimilani leswi vuyerisaka valala vantumbuluko.
Leswi swinga endliwa hiku byala ti hedges tani hi swimilani leswi endlaka nsirhelelo wa ntumbuluko, leswi endlaka ndzhawu leswaku yikuleriwa hi swimilani swa ntumbuluko xikan’we na kubyala mabilomu lawa yanga vitanaka tinyoxi, tani hi xikombiso. Kufafazela murhi wodlaya switsotswana aswi dlayi switsotswana ntsena, kambe swidlaya na valala va ntumbuluko, swi endla leswaku switsotswana swingaha chavi nchumu kumbe swikondzelela murhi xikan’we naku va na phoyizeni eka swocheleta mati. Kuna tindlela timbirhi ta ku lawula switsotswana: malawulelo ya ntumbuluko ya switsotswana xikan’we na kulawula switsotswana hiku tirhisa murhi.
Ku Lawula Switsotswana ka Ntumbuluko
Swimilani swin’wani swofana na khaki bush (Tagetes minuta kumbe mbanje hi ririmi ra isiNdebele) swichavisa switsotswana swin’wana kasi marigold yitshikelela kwalomu ka tinxaka ta 14 ta swimilani swa parasitic nematodes leswingana lesion nematodes na root-knot nematodes leswi khumbekaka ngopfu. Kuva marigold yi tshikelela hindlela leyi humelelaka ti nematodes, yifanele ku byariwa kwalomu ka tinhweti timbirhi loko kunga se byariwa swimilani leswi languteriweke.
Swimilani swin’wani swinga lawula switsotswani hitindlela leti landzelaka: Kusirhelela swimilani hiku byala swin’wana swimilani leswi fambisanaka na swona. Switsotswana swinga nuheta swimilani kumbe swichavisiwa hiku nuha ka swimilani swa swimilani leswi byariweke tani hi nseketelo.
Xikombiso, rosemary yi chavisa tinhongani ta tikhavichi. Kuma swimilani (e.g. mabilomu) lawa ya kokaka rinoko ra switsotswana leswi pfunaka (e.g. tinyoxi). Byala swimilani leswingata sivelela swimilani swa wena tani hi ndzelekani. Eka swirhapa leswintsongo, switsotswani swinga lawuriwa hiku byala nyana swimilani swa khaki bush. Viriviri na garlic swinga fafazeriwa kuva swichavisa switsotswana sweswo.
Vulawuri bya Swibyariwa
Switsotswana swina xiave xa nkoka swinene eka ntumbuluko na ecosystem leyintsongo e purasini naswona swifanele ku tsundzukiwa leswaku a hiswitsotswana hinkwaswo leswi hlaselaka swibyariwa. Switsotswana swipfuneta ku tshamisekisa ntumbuluko, tani hileswi swinga hlamuseriwa laha henhla, swipfuneta ku hunguta switsotswana hi ‘biological control’.
Switsotswana leswi pfuneta hiku dya ti aphids, mites, caterpillars naswin’wana switsotswana leswi dyaka swimilana naswona aswina khombo eka vanhu, swimilani na swiharhi. Switsotswana leswi pfunaka swofana na ladybird beetles Chilocorus nigritus na Cryptolaemus montrouzieri xikan’we nati parasitic wasps Aphytis lingnanensis na Coccidoxenoides perminutus swifuyiwa leswaku swita xavisiwa kuva swiya lawula emapurasini.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni