Ma Endlelo ya Biya ya Craft
Ma Afrika Dzonga varhandya byala bya kahle xikan’we na ndhuma ya biya ya craft yile ku tlakukeni swinene laha kungana tindzhawu ta craft beer totala naswona vanhu ntsena vale ku endleni ka byalwa lebyi emakaya. Byalwa byi vekiwa eka mintlawa yokarhi kuya hi switayele na leswi byingana swona kufana na nantswo, muhlovo, nuhelo, xivumbeko na laha byinga tumbuluka kona.
Kuna kutlula kwalomu ka 100 wa switayele swa biya: pale ales, wild/sour beers, stouts nati pilsners lawa kungova yanwana mavito lawa yanga kona. Switayele swohambana hambana leswinga nghenaka eka mintlawa yohambana hambana yati ales (leyinga fuwa hi nantswo) nati lagers (letinga basa nakuka byinga nyanganyi).
Swilaveko swa Ntolovelo swa Biya ya Craft
Ku kota ku vandzekela byalwa uta lava mati, malted barley, hops xikan’we na yeast.
Malted barley yita kusuka eka barley grain naswona yikumeka endzhaku ka kuloveka barley endzeni ka mati kutani uyi pfumelela kuva yisungula ku mila. Unga ti endlela leswi hi wexe kumbe u xava leyinga petiwa khale endzeni ka mati kutani yisungula ku mila. Malted barley yi tirha ku humesa chukele leri lavekaka ku nyanganyisa biya xikan’we na kutirhisana na yeast leswaku swi endla byalwa.
Ti hops i mabilomu lawa ya sukaka eka ximilani xa Humulus lupulus, lexi loko xi omisiwile kutani xi tirhisiwa ku endla byalwa, xilulamisa kunyanganya kusuka eka malted barley, xi katsa kuva yinga nyanganyi, xi nyika nuhelo na nantswo naswona xi hlayisa swakudya hinkwaswo eka byona.
Leswi ti hops ti endlaka swona eka biya swiya hiku loko ti cheriwe rini eka kuvandzekeriwa loku ka byalwa.
Ku hatlisa ku chela swi endla leswaku kuva na byala byo bava swinene, loko hile tlhelo yinga nyanganyi kambe loko yi cheriwa kuya e makumu ka ku vandzekela swita endla leswaku byinga bavi ngopfu kambe byinga nyanganyi.
Yeast yitisa xihoko eka biya. Loko yi cheriwile, yeast yi cinca chukele kuva rihundzuka xihoko na carbon dioxide. Yeast yitlhela yi katsa nantswo wohetelela eka biya naswona yi hoxa xandla eka mihundzu leyi twalaka eka biya xikanwe na swipayisisi.
Xitepe xo Sungula xo Vandzekela: Ku Lulamisa Mati
Xitepe xosungula eka kuvandzekela byala iku lulamisa mati leswaku yata cheriwa swilaveko leswin’wana. Leswi swiendliwa hiku virisiwa mati ya fika eka 80°C endzeni ka thangi. Endzhaku ko virisa mati yalava ku katsiwa xikan’we na malted barley. Leswi switala ku endleriwa eka xibye lexi vange i mash tun. Mahiselo ya mati ya fanele ku chichiwa kuya eka 65°C endzeni ka mash tun loko kunga se cheriwa malted barley.
Xitepe Xavumbirhi xo Vandzekela: Mashing the Grains
Endzeni ka mash tun, malted barley yi cheriwa endzeni ka mati yohisa kuringana awara hinkwayo leswaku yita humesa chukele eka mbewu leyi. Maendlelo lawa ya vuriwa mashing. Chukele leringa humesiwa rina nkoka swinene hikuva riya cinca xihoko eka ntirho wo virisa byalwa. Chukele ritlhela ri engetela nantswo, nuhelo, muhlovo xikan’we na xivumbeko eka byalwa xikan’we na kunyanganya, leswi hiswona swiendlaka leswaku byala lebyinga baviki ngopfu byi hlamuseriwa tani hi “malty”.
Xitepe Xavu Nharhu xo Vandzekela: Sparging the Wort
Endzhaku kaloko malted barley yiri mashed, yinga tsakamisiwa hi mati. Ma endlelo lawa ya tiviwa tani hi lautering, laha hi laha chukele ri humesiwaka kutani ri hambanyisiwa eka ti grains. Sparging kumbe ku tsakamisiwa switala ku endleka endzeni ka vessel leyi vuriwaka ‘lauter tun’ kambe swinga endleka endzeni ka xibye xin’we na laha kungava na mashing. Loko ti grains titava ti basisiwile naswona chukele ri susiwile eka tona, ta susiwa naswona leswi salaka i swihalaki swohisa leswi vuriwaka wort (yivuriwa hi ndlela leyi “wert”). Wort yita hetelela yi hundzuke biya naswona yi cheriwa eka thangi rin’wani leswaku ku virisiwa swita hetiseka.
Xitepe Xavumune: Ku Virisiwa ka Wort
Loko se wort yi hambanyisiwile eka malted barley grains yilava ku virisiwa leswaku nantswo wuta tshamiseka xikan’we naku dlaya swinwana leswingavaka swi hanya hinkarhi walowo. Leswi swi endliwa kuringana kwalomu ka awara. Ku tlhela kuva hi wona nkarhi lowu laha ti hops ti cheriwaka eka biya. Kuri ku hatlisiwe kumbe ku hlweriwe kufika kwihi kuva ti hops ti cheriwa swina xiave eka nantswo lowu humaka eku heteleleni naswona muvandzekeri utirhisa craft ku endla nantswo lowu lavekaka. Ti hops ti cheriwa eka xitepe lexi hikuva hikuva ti fanele ku virisiwa kuva ti humesa minantswo yokarhi.
Xitepe Xavuntlhanu: Ku Cheriwa Yeast
Loko wort yivirile kuringana awara naswona yihorisiwile hi xihatla, kwalano yeast yinga cheriwa hi vuhlayiseki yinga dlayiwi hi mahiselo yale henhla.
Loko biya yi fikile kwalomu ka 22°C kutani ku cheriwa yeast.
Leswi switiveka tani hi pitching. Ku vandzekeriwa kulava ku endliwa hi vukheta naswona kubasile eka xitepe lexi hikuva laha kunga nghena nati bacteria naswona ti microorganisms tingaka tinga dlayiwi hi mahiselo yale henhla eka nkarhi lowu.
Endzhaku kaloko ku cheriwe yeast biya yiva yilulamele kuya virisiwa.
Xitepe Xavu Ntsevu: Ku Vila
Ku virisiwa hi laha biya yi hundzukaka biya ya mampela. Loko byala byi tshikiwa byi vila, yeast yi dya chukele kuva kuhuma xihoko na carbon dioxide. Endzhaku ka vhiki raku vila, ntirho wuva wu fike e makumu naswona biya yiyisiwa eka thangi leri vangamaka kuva biya yita tshamisekisiwa. Eka vhiki leri landzelaka biya yi lulamiseriwa kuva yi tshamisekisa nantswo na nuhelo wakahle xikan’we naku kuma muhlovo lowu faneleke naku hetiseka.
Xitepe Xavu Nkombo xo Vandzekela: Ku Cheriwa Moya Kumbe Chukele
Eka xitepe lexi biya yiva se yiringanerile kun’wiwa. Hinkwaswo leswi xotaka kuva kuri khuvi na mabomubomu lawauya vonaka eka nghilazi ya wena. Hikokwalaho ka sweswo, ku cheriwa moya swalaveka. Leswi swinga endliwa hiku chela carbon dioxide endzeni ka biya kumbe hiku cheriwa nhlayo yintsongo ya chukele eka mabodlhela leyingata hlangana na yeast kuva yihumesa carbon dioxide.
Xitepe xo Hetelela: Ku Byi Lulamisa
Xitepe xohetelela xaku vandzekela byala iku chela biya endzeni ka ti kegs na mabodlhela, yi lulamiseriwa ku fambisiwa, kuya xavisiwa xikan’we naku tiphiniwa hi byona hi swin’wi swa byala hinkwako laha byi bavaka kona.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni
