Lokwatfolwa ngeMapungubwe

Lokwatfolwa Kweligolide Lokwentiwa Bantfu

©Roger de la Harpe
Umsebenti wekucala wesimanje wentsengo yase Mapungubwe wanyamalala ngemnyaka wa 1930, ngesikhatsi bantfu labamhlophe bacala kubuka lentsaba kwekucala. Akususwanga ngalemifanekiso naloku bebacabanga kutsi matsemba langasiwo ngemadloti, lolokwaseshwa ekucaleni kwatfolwa indzawo yasemathuneni letfwele emangcwabo lamashumi lamabili nakutsatfu. Incumbi yalamathuna bekangekho kahle, kepha matsatfu abakhanga. Linye lawo, inombolo lelishumi nakune, kwakungumuntfu wesifazane lowangcwatjwa ngendlela yekuhlala, kumbe loko ngasesayidini lakhe. Ngalokuchazako kakhulu, nomakunjalo, ngabe umngcwabo wakhe wawutsandvwa.
Bekagcoke emabhengele eligolide labekangetulu kwelikhulu emilenteni yakhe, bese lithuna lakhe lalitfwele buhlalu beligolide lobutinkhulungwane letilushumi nakubili (lebebukala emakhilogremi langu 2.2) kanye nebuhlalu beligilasi lobutinkhulungwane letimashumi lamabili nesitfupha. Labo labamtfola kwadzinga kutsi batfwale ngelibhakede. Lelinye lithuna lebelimcoka lesibili belilendvodza, nayo lebeyingcwatjwe ihleti, lebeyigcoke kwekugaba kwasentsanyeni kweligolide kanye netigogo te cowrie.Phindze bakakadze ane, lokwamenta ahlale angenasitunge ngemuva kwemphilo, tintfo lebetentiwe ngeligolide - kunye kwakumele ingwenya.
Kutfola lokwakudvumile, nomakunjalo, kwakungumuntfu wenhlobo letsite lobekangcwatjwe ne tintfo teligolide lebetitsatsa umoya letintsatfu: indishi (lebeyisebentiswa njengemchele noma kwekuhlobisa enhloko), isceptre (noma imace) kanye nabhejane lomncane. Tintfo letimbalwa letengetiwe tabhejane weligolide nato tatfolwa kulamathuna, kepha labo bantfu lebebanemndlandla lomkhuku abazange babhale kutsi batfoleni. Njengoba lalamanye emathuna lentsabeni akazange atfwala tintfo letibalulekile, kungacatjangwa kutsi lababantfu labatsatfu bebakadze bamcoka impela, nomake imvelaphi yabo leliciniso ingatiwa. Lowesifazane, njengesibonelo, ufute kuba bekangumake wasesigodlweni, dzadze, umfati, sangoma noma Indlovukati yase Mapungubwe.

Umfanekiso/Sithico saNgaphesheya

©David Fleminger
Lobhejane weligolide nyalo usithico sasephesheya. Yintfo lencane kepha sento lesibatiwe, sentiwe ngekushaya ligolide kanye nesigodvo lesibatiwe (lokwacalwa kadzeni). Lamashidi lancama eligolide, lamanye angu 0.5 ngekucina, abese ayaphindvwa ndzawonye ngetinyalitsi teligolide letincane letilishumi nakubili. Noma lobhejane aneluphondvo lunye (lesekushiwo kulabanye kutsi ngubhejane - weliphondvo linye, kungeta lwati emisebentini yabo wemsebenti wesandla wangaphandle ngemphumela wase Mapungubwe), lombukiso uyalingana. Huffman waphindze wachaza kutsi kungahle kube nguBhejane Lomnyama. Labanye bobhejane labaningi batfoliwe eMapungubwe Hill, kepha abakapheleli.
Ngaphandle kwebumcoka lobungiko babhejane weligolide, kumele kubhalwe kutsi asati kutsi ngabe lobhejane bekayintfo lemcoka noma silwane semvelo noma intfo yebantfu base Mapungubwe. Imibukiso yaletinye tilwane titfoliwe entsabeni, futsi lobhejane kungenteka kube bekanguye yedvwa wemoya wetintfo. Futsi solo akucaci kutsi ngabe leligolide lancibilikiswa lase lisebenta kulendzawo, noma lenye indzawo yekusebentela leyakhiwe nomakuphi kulelive. Nomakunjalo,lobhejane weligolide sithico lesingameleleki semlandvo wase Afrika kanye nenkhanyeti lekhaangako yase Msamo wase Mapungubwe kulomcokelelo.

Bumcoka Bemoya ne Mali

Njengoba base Mapungubwe badvumisa labafile babo ngetintfo teligolide kanye nebuhlalu lobukhomba kutsi lensimbi yesiliva letsandvwako ayisiyo nje yekutsengiswa futsi; itfole intfo yekuyisebentisa endzaweni, lebekungumoya kanjalo ne mali. Nomakunjalo, bekukhona kutsengisa lokuningi lobekwenteka emkhatsini weMapungubwe nasemnceleni.
Njengase K2, bantfu base Mapungubwe batsengisa ligolide labo, timphondvo, emaphelithe kanye nelitfusi kwentela buhlalu lobuhle beligilasi, lebalisebentisa ekwakheni imihlobiso yetintfo tebumcoka bebantfu. Tinkhulungwane letiningi talobuhlalu, kanye nemapulelde lapatalele lakhiwe ngemacandza e ostrich kanye nebuhlalu lobuyincelencele lobakhiwe ngetigogo temunenkhe, titfoliwe endzaweni. Kusinye simo, libhodo lelikhulu lelakhiwe ngelibumba lengilasi lolugcwele buhlalu lutfolwe emhomeni lodvutane. Tigogo tema Cowrie, indlela yemali leyasetjentiswa kabanti emhlabeni wandvulo, nayo yatfolwa kumanye alamathuna asesigodlweni. Tintfo letiningi letitincelencele telibumba lengilasi teCeladon yema Shayina atitfolwangwa kulentsaba, lobekumele kube yincenye yelitiya lelitsite lebelentelwe indlovukati. Indvuku yelibumba ivela kwekucala eMapungubwe, ngako loku kunconota kutsi bantfu base Mapungubwe bebenta tembatfo tabo. Kotini kwakuyinhlanyelo yemvelo, kepha lesilungu sekutfungela kwakuyintfo lemcoka lechamuka ngamnceleni.

Translated by Phindile Malotana