Kukumeka ka Swivumbiwa swa Nsuku
Lexi axi tsakisa ngopfu akuri swilo leswi aswi vekiwe e sirheni ra yena. A ambale kutlula 100 wa mabendlele ya nsuku emilengeni naswona sirha ra yena ariri na 12 000 wa vuhlalu bya nsuku (lebyi tikaka kwalomu ka 2.2 kilograms) na 26 000 wa vuhlalu bya nghilazi. Vakumi va hinkwaswo leswi ava fanele ku rhwala leswi vanga swikuma hi bakiti. Sirha ravumbirhi ra nkoka akuri ra wanuna, loyi nayena a lahliwile alo tshama, loyi a ambale vuhlalu bya nsuku enhanwini na cowrie shells. Nayena ari na leswi arina swona endzhaku kaloko a lovile laha akuri swilo swa xikhale leswi aswiri swa nsuku – laha xinwana xa swona axifana na ngwenya.
Lexinga kumiwa xa ndhuma, hambi leswi, akuri munhu loyi rimbewu rakwe ringa kumekangiki loyi alahliwe na swilo swinharhu swohlamarisa swa nsuku: xindhichani (lexi kumbe axi tirhisiwe tani hi crown kumbe headdress), xibye lexi khomiwaka hi vafumi (or mace) xikan’we na xibejwani lexintsongo. Kuve na swilo swohlaya nyana swa xibejwani xa nsuku leswinga kumeka e masirheni, kambe vaceri lava ava tsalangi e hansi leswi vaswikumeke. Tani hileswi masirha lawan’wana exintshabyanini ayangari na nchumu xa nkoka, kunga pfumeriwa leswaku vanhu lava vanharhu avari vankoka swinene, hambi leswi vuxirho bya vona byinga tivekeki. Wansati loyi, tani hi xikombiso, swinga endleka ari manana wale vuhosini, sesi, santi, xingomantanda kumbe hosi yale Mapungubwe.
Ximunhuhatwa xa Misava Hinkwayo
Hambi leswi xibejwani xingana rimhondzo rinwe (leswi eka van’wana aswivula leswaku i xibejwani xa rimhondzo rin’we ra Sumatran, leswi aswi hlohletela miehleketo ya leswaku kuna voko leri endlaka swokarhi eka kuhumelela ka Mapungubwe), vuyimeri lebyi byi hetisekile. Huffman u kote naku hlamusela hiku kongoma leswaku lexi i xivumbeko xa xibejwani xa ntima. Swibejwani swin’wani swikumekile exintshabyanini xale Mapungubwe, kambe aswihelelangi.
E handle ka nkoka lowunga erivaleni wa xibejwani lexi xansuku, swifanele kutekeriwa enhlokweni lesawku ahi switivi loko kuriku xibejwani lexi axiri xa nkoka tani hi xikombiso lexi tshembiwaka hi vanhu vale Mapungubwe. Vuyimeri byin’wana bya swiharhi byi kumekile exintshabyanini lexi, naswona xibejwani xingava xive xin’wana xa leswi tshembiwaka eka swa ximoya. Switlhela swinga tiveki kahle loko kuve nsuku awu n’okisiwile kumbe wutirhiwile eka ndzhawu yoleyo, kumbe eka ndzhawu yin’wana ya vumaki leyinga eka tiko rin’wana. Hambiswiritano, xibejwani lexi xa nsuku axi cinciseki tani hi khale ka matimu ya Afrika xikan’we na nyeleti ya vuhlengeleti bya Mapungubwe Museum.
Nkoka wa Mali na Ximoya
Leswaku vanhu va Mapungubwe vaxiximile lavanga hundza emisaveni hi swilo swa nsuku na vuhlalu swikomba leswaku nsuku lowu awungari wo xavisiwa; A wutirhisiwa kwala kaya, leswi aswiri swa ximoya kukatsa na ximali. Hambiswiritano, akuri na kuxavisa kotala swinene loku aku humelela exikarhi ka Mapungubwe nale coast.Tani hile K2, vanhu vale Mapungubwe ava xavisa nsuku wa vona, timhondzo ta ndlopfu, madzovo na koporo leswaku vata kuma vuhlalu bya nghilazi, lebyi ava byitirhisa ku khavisa swilo swavona swankoka. Magidi gidi ya vuhlalu lebyi, xikan’we na swirhengele swo phambarhala leswi aswi endliwe kusuka eka matandza ya yimbho na vuhlalu lebyi fayekaka kusuka eka swikhamba swa tihumba, swikumekile eka ndzhawu liya. Hi tlhelo rinwana, poto lerikulu ra seramiki rikumekile ritele hi vuhlalu lebyi eka baku rale kusuhi.
Swikhamba swa Cowrie, leswi aswi tirhisiwa tani hi nxavo himinkarhi ya khale emisaveni hinkwayo, nayona yikumekile eka masirha lawa yale vuhosini. Swinwana swaleswi fayekaka kusuka eka Chinese Celadon ceramics swikumekile naswona exintshabyanini lexi, leswi kungavaka kuve xiphemu xa swon’wela eka swona tiya hi nsati wa hosi. Swibye leswi vumbiweke hi vumba swihumelela rosungula e Mapungubwe, naswona leswi swihlmausela leswaku vanhu va Mapungubwe ava endla swiambalo swa vona hi voxe. Cotton akuri swibyariwa swavona swa xintu, kambe thekinoloji yakuyi lulamisa kumbe ayikumeka kusuka eka coast.Translated by Ike Ngobeni