Kuhlala eDzata
Ngemnyaka wandvulo wesine, Sifundza sase Nyakatfo sesimanje kwakuhlala ema Khoisan kanye nebantfu be Early Iron Age, lebebakadze bachumana ngekutsengisa, ngemshado kanye nemphi. Ngemnyaka wandvulo wesikhombisa tindzawo letikhashane tase nyakatfo kwakuhlala emaNgona nema Khoisan. Kusuka kumakhulu lasiphohlongo, Lesigodlo seMapungubwe saphuma, saluleka kusuka eSoutpansberg lese ningizimu, kwewelela eMfuleni we Limpopo kuya eMatopos lese nyakatfo.
Lesigodlo sala kusuka ku 1240, kwatsi kubukwa kwemandla nentsengiso kwahlehliselwa enyakatfo kuya eSigodlweni seZimbabwe Lenkhulu. Kukhweshisela kubuka ku Khami ne Rozwi yase Zimbabwe kwalandzela, kepha emasiko akazange achamuke kuningizimu lemile yase Limpopo: titayela tema Shona-Venda nema Venda ngetintfo letakhiwe ngelibumba kwakhula ngetikhatsi tandvlo telishumi nakune nelishumi nesihlanu.
Kute umonakalo wemadvonga - ematje nakucatsaniswa ngelinani lase Zimbabwe Lenkhulu lese nyakatfo-lesempumalanga incenye yeSifundza lesise Nyakatfo, kepha labo labasetintsabeni bayakhombisa lakutsintsana khona. Kuphekeletela lokuphuma kwaletindzawo, kusuka ku 1400, umoya webantfu labakhuluma-si Shona bahamba kusuka ku Zimbabwe yesimanje (leyatiwa ngema Venda njengeThavatsindi) labahleli ngase Lowveld.
Ekugcineni kwesikhatsi samandvulo selishumi nesikhombisa, lomunye umoya, we Singo, kumbe yemvelaphi ye Rozwi, yahamaba eDanangombe (Dhlo Dhlo) dvute naselukhalweni lwase Zimbabwe, lapho kuhlu-kana sigodlo se Rozwi. Bahlala kucala eTshiendeulu, base baya eDzata.
Imphumelelo yeBaholi
iDzata lesesigodzini se Nzhelele inemadvonga ematje lamaningi, futsi eminyakeni lemashumi lesitfupha ibenekuphumelela ngebaholi. Lokuningi kuhambisana nemlandvo wako lokukhona eThoho-ya-Ndou (Inhloko ye Ndlovu), lebekangaba baholi labaningi labatsatsa leligama ngekusebentisa lesikhundla.
Letinye tintfo tamubeka njengendvodza lowahlanganisa emacembu eSoutpansberg ekwakheni lamaVenda. Labanye batsi wachubekisa emandla emaVenda kanye netindzawo tawo kwentela kufaka emacembu labomakhelwane. Ngemnyaka wa 1760, iDzata yashela emhlabatsini. Emandla eThoho-ya-Ndou asimanga: ngabe wahamba, ne Ngoma Lungundu kuyohlala ngale kwe Limpopo, noma ngabe wabulawa. Ngekushabalala kwe Thoho-ya-Ndou, lesigodlo sahlukana sabakabili.
Imphumelelo ngemnyaka wandvulo ngelishumi nemfica kwakhokha emacembu lamaningi, lapho emahosi (tinkhosi) tonkhe titsi Singo situkulwane. emaVenda nawo bekanawo emahosi alenye imvalaphi. Imitsetfo yemphumelelo yasesihlalweni ihlangahlangene, bese umlandvo wemaVenda uchazeka ngemsindvo lobowenteka njalonjalo, lokusachubeka nalamuhla.
Tinyatselo te Lisiko lema Venda
Nomanje kuphila phakatsi kwema Venda, lama Lemba agcina bungibo (lobufana nekungafuni inyama yengulube) loko lokukhomba umehluko wemvelaphi yabo. Labanye balwa kutsi lama Lemba aseSifundzeni sase Nyakatfo nase Zimbabwe yintalelwano yema Arab latsengisako lahambela emkhatsini weAfrika lese Mpumalanga nasendzaweni lenkhulu yase Zimbabwe iminyaka yandvulo. Lama Lemba bekatitsemba kutsi ngema Jews Lamnyama, intalelwane yesive lesalahleka sema Israel.
Noma imvelaphi yabo injani, badlala indzima lebalulekile njengebantfu labatfwala tintfo nge iron yemakholoni kanye nekutsengiswa kweligolide. Phambilini, kute wesifazane wemaLemba longashada indvodza yemuVenda, umshado wendvodza yeLemba nemfati weliVenda uyindlala. Ngabe umfati weliVenda angasha nemuLemba, kumele ente umsebenti kute abengumu Lemba.
Loku solo kuphetfwe, cishe ngemibono, namuhla. Kutsengisa, kulwa kanye nemishado nemaTsonga, emaLobedu, emaZulu, emaSwati kanye nalabanye bantfu kushiye tinyatselo esikweni lemaVenda.
Lichawe lemaVenda: Sigubhu salaBafile
Sigubhu, iNgoma yeLugundu (sigubhu salabafile noma iMwari), yintfo lesemkhatsini lebonakalako yemasiko ngeSingo: uma ilunywe yiNkhosi ngetikhatsi tekufungelwa, sitovikela labantfu kutsi bangahlaselwa phindze sibavumele kutsi bahlule titsa tabo. Lesigubhu senta kube nekwesatjwa titsa’ imiphefumulo lekwenta kutsi babaleke ngekweseba, bawele phansi emhlabatsini ngekwesaba, noma bashone/bafe.
Sintfu sisho noma sichaza kona lesigubhu sivumele lamaSingo kutsi atsatse luhambo phindze bagcine noma batsatse phindze babambe indzawo eningizimu yase Limpopo. Ngaletinye tikhatsi, ngesikhatsi lesigubhu sivela kutsi sitidlalele, emadloti langabonwa – inkhosi Mwari, lonikete lesigubhu kuNkhosi yemaSingo, yena lucobo lwakhe abesidlala.
Letinye tikhatsi tikhomba kutsi, ngemuva kwekuphatanyiswa kwema Dzata, lesigubhu sasifihlwe edvwaleni lebelidvute neNetshiendeulu, letintfo tabo betigcinwa khona.
Translated by Phindile Malotana