Isitjhaba Esisathuthukako
Abakhulumi besiTsonga bokuthoma bangena enarheni ekhabe ibizwa bona yi-Transvaal ngeminyaka yabo-18th century. Gade babarhwebi akhabe balandela imilambo enarheni, lapha ekhabe badlhegana ngezembatho kanye nemincamo, ngamazinyo wendlovu, ikhopha kanye netswayi.
Ekuthomeni kweminyaka yabo-1820, balandelwa ngabanye abantu egade bakhuluma ilimi elipheze lifane nelabo abasunduzwa etlhagwini maNguni ekhabe abahlasela. Ngeskhatheso amaTsonga ahlala etlhagwini khabe asiqhenyana sabantu abakhuluma ilimi linye ekhabe babelana ngamasiko begodu banganayo ikosi ebadosa phambilil. Isiqhema sawo esincani khange sirhone ukuzivikela emaNgunini ekhabe abatjhwenya.
Isiqhema samaNguni sokugcina eseza endaweni yawo khabe kuzinsalela zamajoni kaNdwandwe, ekhabe angaphasi kwakaSoshangane, ekhabe etlhagiswa nguShaka kanye namajoni wakhe wamaZulu emlanjeni weMhlatuze eduze kwalapha sele kubizwa bona se-Ulundi kwanje.
Abaphalalaba bazinza emlanjeni iTembe etjonalanga yenarha esele ibizwa bona seSwazini namhlanje, kodwana kungasikade ngemva kwalokho batjhuguluka babamaTsonga, bafudukela epumalanga yesifunda seLimpopo.Kwaba nokuthula lokha amaNdwandwe nanyana amaShangana athoma ukufaka abantu ekhabe bakhuluma isiTsonga esiqhemeni sabo.
UShoshangane
Inarha yamaNguni emgceleni wamaZulu gade iwasilinga amaZulu, ekhabe kulikhaya labosopolotiki begodu lithusela iindlela zokurhweba eziqakathekileko eziye e-Lourenço Marques (esele ibizwa bona seMaputo kwanjesi). Kwathunyelwa isiqhema samajoni esitjha epumalanga ngonyaka ka-1833, ukobana siyokuhlasela uSoshangane bebaphanitjhe abalandeli bakhe.
Bathatha inarha ye-Lourenço Marques BA, bakatelela urhulumende wedorobhela eliselwandleli. Ebusweni bamaZulu, uShoshangane kanye nabalandeli bakhe babaleka lapha egade bahlala khona eLimpopo. Baya emlanjeni weZambezi ngaphambi kokobana batjhinge etjingalanga bayokuzinza enarheni yeZimbabwe.
Ukusuka kwaShoshangane kwathoma ukubusa kanye nokuhlanganisa amaNdau egade akhuluma isiShona. Asebenzisa amandla wawo ukuqinisa amandla endaweni ehlangana nomlambo i-Zambezi kanye ne-Delagoa Bay. Kancani, kancani ubukhosi be-Gaza, ebathiyelelwa ngokuhlonipha umkhulu kaShoshangane okhabe ahlala epenteni ye-escarpment ehlathini elitjhisako.
Kwaba nesikhathi sokuthula lapha uNdwandwe wetjingalanga kanye namaTsonga, ekhabe sele ahlale esifundenesi iminyakanyaka, bathoma ukuphila ngokufana. Lokhu kwaqina ngeminyaka yabo-1838 lokha amasotja amanengi kaShoshangane abulawa yi-smallpox, okwenza bona abuyele emva eLimpopo.
Amasotja abaleka enarheni leya lokha nakaphanitjha izitha, agcilaza abafazi kanye nabentwana, afuna nokobana abhadalwe imali enengi ngebanga lokobana athumbile. Umraro lo wenza bona kube nenqhema ezimbili zabaphalali etlhagwini. AmaNkuna kanye nezinye iinchema ezincani zafudukela emlanjeni i-Olifants zafikela eduze kwesitjhaba ekhabe sikhuluma isiSotho se-Kaha kanye neLovedu egade zisetjingalanga pumalanga.
Abaphalali Behlandla Lesibili
Abaphalali abanye – (Maluleke, Baloyi, Tshauke kanye noSono) balandela baya eLimpopo bayokuhlala eduze kweLevubu (Pafuri) emlanjeni osepumalanga ye-Soutpanseberg kanye ne-Drankenserg.
Abanye basala nekosi yabo enarheni enobulwelwe bakamalalehlengezela, kodwana nange gade bafisa ukuhlala enarheni enganabo ubulwelobu bekade kuzokutllhogakala kobana babawe ukuvikelwa badosi phambili abanjengekosi yabeSotho u-Modadjie, Podile kanye nekosi u-Maake epumalanga nanyana ikosi yamaVenda u-Pafuri etjingalanga.
Ngeminyaka yabo-1850 abaphalali bamaTsonga bazinza enarheni ye-Spelonken e-Southpansenberg lapha indoda yomphotjhugisi u-Joäo Albasini, khabe akha khona indlwakhe yobukhosi ayakha ngamakonyana awenze ngokuthengisa iingcila kanye namazinyo wendlovu.
Lokha abaphalali bamaTsonga ekhabe bahlala enarheni ephakathi bathoma ukutlama imiphakathi emincani, amakhosabo asetlhagwini kwatlhogeka kobana aragele phambili nokuqalana nemiraro yezepolotiki ezingakazinzi. Ngonyaka ka-1858 uShoshangane wahlongakala ubukhosi bakhe bathoma ukuhlukana phakathi amadodana wakhe, u-Muzila kanye noMawewe balwa babanga ubukhosi.
UShoshangane gade abeke uMuzila kobana abe yikosi, uMawewe khabe akuphikisa lokho: lokho kwarholela ekutheni kube nezipi pheze iminyaka elisumi. UMuzila ngokurhelejwa ngu-Albasini kanye nabanye abarhwebi e-Lourenço Marques bagcina bayithumbile ipi.
UMawewe wabalekela eSwazini, lapha abawa khona irhelebho kukosi uMswati, ekugcineni wazinza epumalanga yeSwazini emgceleni weGazaland. UMuzila gade afuduse isentha yeGaza ayifudusele kuMosapa watjhiya I-ingakavikelwa.Ubusika obunye nobunye amaSwazi khabe ahlasela abantu benarha leyo.
Ngonyaka ka-1884 uMuzila wahlongakala, indodana yakhe uGungunyana wathatha isihlalo sakhe sobukhosi. Ikosi etja yalinga ukulawula iGazaland. Ngonyaka ka-1889 wafudusela ihlokodorobha yakhe eLimpopo. Lokukho kwenza bona kuye godu elinye iwoma labaphalali e-Transvaal okwenza bona uGungunyane alwe namaPotjukisi.
Translated by Busisiwe Prudance Skhosana