Yini i-Pollen?
I-pollen yinto ekhiqizwa imbewu eveza iintjalo. Imumethe i-pollen efeyini emumethe imbewu yobudoda yestjalo - (male gametes). Imbewu yobudoda etholakala ku-pollen ihlangana namanye amaseli lokha nakavundiswako.Ukukhuluma ngokunabeleko, kunemihlobo emibili ye-pollen:
Entomophilous pollen - Ibuthelelwa zinunwana lokha nakupholunethiwa iinunwana.
Anemophilous pollen - Ibuthelelwa mumoya kunenunwana kanye begodu zihlotjaniswa nama-aleji.
Imithombo ye-Pollen
Esewula Afrika, i-gum tree, imithi yendabuko kanye nemitjhana, iintjalo zezolimo, ikhula kanye nengadi yamathuthumbo ziletha ipove (amaprotheyini) kanye ne-nectar (ama-carbonhaydrates) weenyosi ukukhiqiza ukudla. Iiintjalwezi zikhiqiza i-nectar kanye ne-pollen ngenkhathi ezahlukeneko.Ileveli yamaprotheyini iyahluka emihlotjeni eyahlukeneko. I-pollen yekhwalithi ephezulu ikhiqizwa mimithi ye-clover, i-almond kanye nemithi yamapuyeri, imihlobo ye-Populus, lupin kanye ne-conola. I-pollen yekhwalithi ephasi ibuthelelwa kuma- blueberries, sunflower, citrus kanye nemihlobo ye-Typha.
Irhubhululo elenziwe e-Saudi Arabia ngonyaka ka-2017 lathola bona amaprotheyini aku-pollen we-lucerne ayi-(20,2%), date palm (19,8%), canola (18,9%), summer squash (16,4%) kanye ne sunflowers (15,2%).
Esewula Afrika, imithombo ye-pollen ifaka hlangana i-purple echium (enama-30% yamaprotheyini), i-macadamia (16 -22%), isphila (14 - 15%) kanye nomuthi we-pine (7 - 8%). Amaprotheyini asesitjalweni se-Eucalyptus asuka ku-17% ukuya ku-30%.
Emithini ye-gum eSewula Afrika, i-gum ekhipha ithuthumbo elibomvu nayihlumako (Corymbia ficifolia), i-inobark emlotjhana (Eucalyptus paniculata), ibhokisi elisarulana (Eucalyptus melliodora) kanye ne-ironbark enzima ziletha inzuzo eenyosini.
Ukubuthelela i-Pollen
Ukubuthelela i-pollen zinyosi ezibasebenzi esiwa ezindlini zeenyosi ngethunga lokubuthelela i-pollen (corbicula) ngeenyawo zazo zangemuva. I-pollen ibutheleleka emizimbeni yeenyosi. Lokha iinyosi naziphaphako, ukusikinyeka kweempiko zazo kwakha igezi. Lokha inyosi nayihlala ethuthumbeni, i-pollen iyathintitheka ethuthumbeni inamathele eboyeni obuvale umzimba wenyosi.Ilimu lenyosi lisetjenziselwa ukukhotha iintanga ze-pollen zimanzise amaqa we-pollen, ekub angela bona linamathelane. I-pollen iyakakarelana ibanjwe nggenyawo zenyosi zangemva, yenziwe ibholo igandelelwe eenyaweni zayo-/corbicula.
Ngemuva endlini yenyosi i-pollen ibuthelelelwa nanyana ifakwa eselini, ihlanganiswe nezinye izinto.
I-Pollen Njengomthombo Wokudla
Lokha i-pollen ithathwa ezindlini zeenyosi ipakwa ifakwa emaselini anganalitho. Ihlanganiswa ne-nectar kanye nezinye izinto zokugaya ngaphambi kokobana ivalelwe emaselini kanye nethosi leliju. Amanzi asetjenziswa nakugaywako amumethe i-lactic acid bacteria incanye yayo egaya iswigiri, iphule amaprotheyini iwenze abe yi-amino acid egayeka lula ukukhandelea ukumila kwesikghoro.Ihlanganisela, beeswax bona booth benyosi iphiwa ilava yenyosi kanye nabasenzi abaziniyisi abasanda ukubelethwa. Abasebenzi abatjha batlhoga amaprotheyini atholakala eburothweni benyosi la ukuthuthukisa ama-glands eziwatlhogako njengenyosi ezidala ukobana zifunze ilava kanye nendlovukazi yenyosi. Inyosi ezidala nazo zidla iliju.
I-pollen ikhona ekurhwetjwa ngayo engadliwa babantu begodu ibuthelelwa bafuyi beenyosi, eenyosini, ngokusebenzisa isithiyo se-pollen. Ukusetjenziswa kwe-pollen kanye ne-United State Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kubika bona iletha amaprotheyini wemvelo, kubulala amagciwani, kuqeda ne-alaji. Ukuphikisana ngokusebenzisa i-pollen yenyosi nanyana kobana idliwe babantu kutjho bona kuzokuphungula amaprotheyini akhona eenyosini. Ukungezelela, ukobana kuneendlela ezingabiziko zokujamiselela amaprotheyini ekudleni kwabantu.Translated by Lizzy Shongwe