UNelson Mandela Umxulumanisi ngoku Bhalwa ngu Raymond Louw

© Eric Miller

Isidlo Sasemini Nabafazi bama Banjwa

Kuthatha umntu okhethekleyo okokuba indoda echithe iminyaka engamashumi amabini anesixhenxe (27) yobomi bakhe eluvalelweni entolongweni, ixhoba lendlela yobukhoboka eyenzelwe okuba yena nabantu bakhe basokole kwaye bahlale phantsi kwengcinezelo, okokuba indoda enje ikwazi ukonwabisa abahlolokazi namakhosikazi wamabanjwa kwisidlo sase mini.

Yilonto uMongameli wase Mzantsi Afrika uNelson Rolihlala Mandela awayenzayo, kwiminyaka emihlanu emveni kokuba iminyango yentolono yavulwa waphuma eyindoda ekhululekileyo, owaye wanikwa indawo ephezulu elizweni kokwaziwa ngokuba lunyulo elingu mmangaliso.

Unxulumano Nnabantu Abamnyana – Lwalungekho

Kwiminyaka edlulileyo aba bafazi babezakubonakala bezithembile cebukuhle abayeni babo njengoko babe bona ingcinezelo eyayiphantsi kwemithetho yorhulumente wocalu calulo – Icebo elikhulu ukunyanzela uninzi lwabantu abazizigidi (40 million) kubukhoboka phantsi kwemithetho engqongqo ebekwe ngamabhulu awayi 3 million awayelawula. Ukudibana nabantu abamnyama base Mzantsi Afrika kwakungenzeki - noxa babeyibona iyinto ephantsi ukuxhawula izandla zaba phambukeli abamnyama beli loMzantsi Afrika kuba bengaphantsi kwezinga lobuxoki lwabantu ‘jikelele’.

Abantu abamnyama base Mzantsi Afrika babengabasebenzi ababesika iinkuni besikha namanzi, besenza lemisenzi yayi yalelwe yimithetho yabayeni babo. Oko ke kwenza okokuba bakhathalelwe ngamadoda. Xa abantu abamnyama bengathobeli okanye bengaziphethanga kakuhle babe bhenwa/gxothwa, bafakwe kuvalelo lwasendlini, entolongweni okanye ukufa. uMongameli Mandela uqobo wachitha ingxenye yobomi bakhe phantsi kokukuviswa kabuhlungu.

Isimemo Esinye Esingavunywanga

Umnye ke umhlolokazi wendoda eyayisilwa ingcinezelo ongazange asivume isimemo sesidlo sase mini. Umyeni wakhe, uHendrik Fresch Verwoed, wayengungqondo ngqondo wokuseka ingcinezelo phambi kokuba atyakatywe ngu mhambisi ncwadi wase palamentengo 1966.

Wayeyindoda eyachitha ubomi bayo izama indlela zokungcungcuthekisa nendlela amabhulu anokuhlala ephethe ilizwe ngayo bazivise kamnandi ngoku ngcungcuthekisa ezinye intlanga behleli namanye amabhulu anezingqondo zifanayo kwidolophu ezibucala, besidla ubumnandi bempilo emnandi abasebenzi abamnyama beba bhatalwa imali encinci kakhulu.

Kwiminyaka eyi 94, Umama uBetsie Verwoerd wacela okokuba akazange avunyelwe ukuya ePitoli, kodwa ke njengomntu onembeko, waye wathi kodwa ke angavuya ukudibana nomongameli xa egqitha.

Oku ke kwakuthetha okokuba umongameli uzakuhamba ikilo mitha eziyi 1 100 (umgama ongama 700) kwindawo yase Orania ephatshileyo kwi Karoo, kumantla ase Nothern Cape, apho amabhulu ayethenge umhlaba aqalisa ukuwuthatha ngengomhlaba nendawo “yaba mhlophe qha” ngeloxesha abantu bebala (Abantu abaxubileyo) ababehlala phayana bagxothwa.

Ngenxa yale mbali nokunga jongelwa ntweni kwebala elimnyama – phantsi kwemeko zalo Mzantsi Afrika wenkululeko imithetho yengcinezelo kwakumele ipheliswe kwaye wonke umntu enze umsebenzi wakhe nkqu lo wokucoca amaplanga – kwakungekho themba lokuba uMandela angaze amtsalele umxeba.

UMandela Undwendwela eOrania

Le ke yayingacingwanga ngu Mongameli owayonwabise umhlolokazi we nkulumbuso uJohn Balthazar Voster. Wayeyi nkulumbuso yezobulungisa okuba uVoster amonelise uWerwoerd nenjongo zakhe ngokuzisa imithetho yengcinezelo, nangaphandle kobuhlungu bayo, yaphantse yajika uMongameli uMandela namanye amabanjwa okokuba ingabingo bantu.

uPresident Mandela wathatha inqwelo moya eya eOrania, waphunga iti ne koeksisters (amagwinya) ezazenziwe ngu Mama Verwoerd, wabeka isandla egxalabeni lakhe enoncumo, wathetha ngolwimi lwesibhulu efunda incwadi awayeyibhalile “ndicela uMongameli acingele iVolkstaat ngenceba kwaye aphelise ukuphatha kwamabhulu ngobulumko", yatsho incwadi awayeyibhalile eyifunda.

Wayethetha ngamabhulu awayefuna owabo “urhulumente wabantu babo” apho babezawubana mandla bengaphamiswa sisininzi. Yayi yidlela nje yoseka olwabo ucinezelo apho benza khona eyabo imithetho, apho engqungwe yinkululeko eMzantsi Afrika.

Zange otuke ke uMandela zingcambu zengcinezelo apha, njenge mibhalo ethi “yidolophu esemfihlakalweni” xa ungena kuledolophu, kukho nomfanekiso ka Verwoerd esithi ‘ndiyibonisile indlela” nokungabikho kobuso obumnyama kwilizwe eligcwele ngabamnyama. Uyawuzulisela lombuzo uthi “abamhlophe bodwa” ngoku akukhange kubekho sidingo sokucela imvume yokundwendwela. Wayezama ukungazikhathazi.

Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie