Ulawulo Lokutyiwa Kwemfuyo Zizilwanyana kunye Nomthetho

©Chris Daly
Utyiwo lwemfuyo zizilwanyana sesona soyikiso sikhulu kwezomnotho zamafama amatsha, asaqalayo kunye nabo bathengisa imfuyo ephilayo. Ikwasiso nesona sizathu sikhulu esenza amafama esuka kwimveliso yezilwanyana eziphilayo.
Amafama ajongene nengxaki enzima xa kuthethwa ngolawulo lokutyiwa kwemfuyo zizilwanyana: kwelinye icala, banelungelo noxanduva ngokomthetho welizwe ukukhusela oku ngokwabo, kwaye oko kuquka imfuyo. Kodwa ke babonakala njengabanikazi bomhlaba, kwaye banoxanduva lokukhathalela bakhusele ezendalo eziphilayo kuhamba noluxanduva.
Ukwenza nzima izinto, ingalo yomthetho yolawulo noqoqosho lwezilwanyana ezitya imfuyo ayicacanga kwaye kukho inqwaba ephantsi kwephondo nakwimithetho yelizwe, ixesha elininzi olulwazi luyaphikisana, imithetho emidala nempepha zolawulo ezohlukayo phakathi kwama phondo. Amafama emfuyo anomhlaba otsaleka kumaphondo ngamaphondo, awavumelekanga ukusebenzisa imithetho yolawulo efanayo kwindawo ezohlukileyo kwifama zabo.
Eyona ndlela yokoyisa okungaqiniseki nokuba abawophuli umthetho xa bethabatha amanyathelo okulungisa, amafama kufuneka akhe ubudlelwane kwaye banxulumane ne ofisi yephondo ye Nature Conservation Offices okanye iPredation Management Forum ukufumana ingcebiso. iPredation Management Forum inikeza uqeqesho rhoqo lokomeleza amafama ngezixhobo zokulawula ukudliwa kwemfuyo ngcono.
Ezona nto zimbini ekufuneka ziqaphelwe kulawulo lokutyiwa kwemfuyo yi National Environment Management Biodiversity Act kunye ne Animal Protection Act.

Indalo Ephilayo

©Louise Brodie
I-National Environment Management Act (Act 10 of 2004) ijongiswe ekukhuseleni ezendalo eziphilayo zeli lo Mzantsi Afrika kunye nendalo yonke. Ukubulala nokuzingela izilwanyana eziyingozi okanye izilwanyana eziphantsi kokhuselo akuvumelekanga ngaphandle kokuba isilwanyana sele zichazwe njenge silwanyana esenza umonakalo ngabase magunyeni.
Inyathelo lokuzama ukulungisa lunga thatyathwa kuphela xa sele iimpepha mvume zinikeziwe. Abase magunyeni bayawacacisa amanyathelo okulungisa avumelekileyo nezilwanyana ezithile ekujongiswe kuzo namanyathelo anokuthabathwa xa isilwanyana sibanjiwe-umzekelo, xa isilwanyana kufuneka sihanjisiwe, kufuneka kwaziwe okokuba sisiwa phi, njani, ngubai kufuneka lemibuzo ibuziwe.
Ngokubhalwe kulo mthetho, amafama kucetyiswa okokuba kungcono asebenzise ulawulo olupheleleyo ukukhusela imfuyo ingatyiwa zizilwanyana kwaye athabathe amanyathelo okulungisa ukuze izilwanyana zingonzakali. Umfama uvumelekile ukubulala isilwanyana esikhuselekileyo ngenjongo yokuzikhusela, kodwa oku kufuneka kuchazwe ngoku khawuleza kwi ofisi ye iConservation Office, ezakuthi yona iphande lomeko.

Indlela Zolawulo Ezinobuntu

Ngokubhalwe kwi Animal Protection Act (Act 71 of 1962), ayikho indlela yolawulo enokusetyenziswa ngendlela ezisa ubuhlungu nentlupheko kwizilwanyana. Amafama kufuneka ahlale kude nendlela zolawulo ezinokuthi zonzakalise umzimba, ezifana ne gin traps, iintambo zokubamba (snares), izixhobo zokubambisa umlenze kunye netyhefu. Ngaphandle koku khohlakala, ezindlela azicaluli kwaye zichaphazela izilwanyana ekungafanelanga ziyachaphazeleka.
Ukusebenzisa iintambo ezithambileyo kusematheni ngengxoxo, kuba zingajika ibesisixhobo sokubulala esithiyela sibulale zonke iintlono zezilanyana xa isetyenziswa ngongenawo amava. Indlela elungileyo yokuyenza kukuthiya kukuba isilwanyana ekujongiswe kuso sibanjwe kodwa singonzakali.
Ukusebenzisa izinja zokuzingela akubonwa kakuhle ncam, kuba izinja zenza umonakalo kwizilwanyana ezise ncinci xa zingalawulwanga kakuhle.
Ngokubhalwe kwi Animal Protection Act, zizinja eziqeqeshiweyo kuphela ezinokusetyenziswa kwaye akufunekanga zisetyenziswe ukulanda umkhondo wezilwanyana ezitya imfuyo. Izinja azivumelekanga ukubulala okanye zidibane ngokubambana nesilwanyana esitya imfuyo kwaye inja kufuneka zikhathalelwe.

Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie