Utheketheke wasebukhosinil, yinto epholile, emhlophe, eyenziwa emlonyeni nasezintweni zezinyopho (ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi 'izinhlayiya zokudla)' zezinyosi zesisebenzi. Kuyinto ingxube eyinkimbinkimbi yezithako ezihlukahlukene zokudla okunomsoco. Iqukethe amanzi (50% - 60%), amaprotheni (18%), ama-carbohydrate (15%), amafutha (3% - 6%), usawoti wamaminerali (1.5%) - kuhlanganise ne-potassium, i-calcium, i-sodium, i-iron ne-manganese - kanye namavithamini.
Utheketheke waseukhosini nayo yaziwa nangokuthi 'i-superfood' futhi idliwe izinyosikazi zezintambo kanye nezimpungushe ezintsha zezinyosi (izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu kuphela). Lezi 'superfood' yisona sizathu esiyinhloko sokuphila kwesikhathi eside sezinyosikazi zezinyosi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinyosi: izinyosikazi zezintombi zihlala izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-40 kunezinyosi zesisebenzi.
Zonke izibungu zondliwa ngeotheketheke yasebukhosini ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokuqothula, kodwa izibungu zomsebenzi zondliwa 'isinkwa sezinyosi', ukuhlanganiswa okuvutshiwe kwe-royal jelly, uju nempova. Izimbungulu ezimbalwa ezikhethiwe ziqhubeka zondliwa nge-jelly yasebukhosini, ezivumela ukuba zishintshe abezinyosikazi zezinyosi - ilungu elikhulu, eliphila isikhathi eside elilungu lezinyosi zenhlalo yezinyosi.
Kukhona ikhamera ekhethekile esebenzayo, i-royalactin, e-royal jelly, eguqula izibungu zibe yizinkosikazi. Ucwaningo oluthile luyabaza lokhu futhi luphakamisa ukuthi ukungondli 'izibungu zendlovukazi' ukudla okujwayelekile okwesinkwa sezinyosi, eqinisweni, kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kwazo izici zezinyosi zezintombikazi.
Utheketheke wasebukhosini ulondolozwe futhi idliwe ngqo indlovukazi nezibungu.
Ukukhiqizwa Kwatheketheke Lwasebukhosini
Kusukela ngawo-1990, inzuzo yabafuyi bezinyosi baseShayina ibilokhu ikhula unyaka nonyaka ngenxa yokwanda okukhulu ekukhiqizeni i-royal jelly. Laba bezinyosi bezinyosi benza inzuzo enhle ngokuvuna okuyi-5 kg ye-jelly yasebukhosini (ikoloni ngalinye ngonyaka), kanti abanye abafuyi bezinyosi banezinzuzo ezimbi ngezinga elingaphansi kuka-2 kg we-jelly yobukhosi ngekoloni ngalinye ngonyaka.I-jelly yase Royal ivunwa ngesandla ngokukhipha izimpungushe zezinyosi ezilodwa kuya kwezintathu ezivela kumaseli omzimba bese zisusa i-jelly royal nge-pipet noma i-spatula encane. I-jelly Royal kumele ibe yifriji phakathi kuka-0 kuya ku-5℃ phakathi namahora okuvuna futhi igcinwe eziqukathi ezingilazi zamnyama. Impilo yasheluli ingaba izinyanga ezingu-18 zemikhiqizo yasebukhosini i-efrijini kanye nezinyanga ezingu-24 zemikhiqizo eqhwa. I-jelly yenkosi yamahhala-eyomile ingagcinwa iminyaka.
Ngokusho kukaMike Allsopp, umcwaningi oyinhloko e-Honeybee Research Section ye-Agricultural Research Council (ARC) eStellenbosch, i-royal jelly ayikwenziwe ngokudayisa eNingizimu Afrika. 'Kungenakwenzeka ukukhiqiza ama-trade jelly e-honeybees eCape (Apis mellifera capensis) ngenxa yemvelo yezinyosi. Umlimi wezinyosi uzothola amakholomu ezisebenzi zeqanda, okuzophela emabhokisini angenalutho. Ukuzama ukukhiqiza i-royal jelly ezindaweni lapho izinyosi ze-Afrika (i-Apis mellifera scutellata) zihlwanyelwe khona kuyoba nzima kakhulu 'inkinga yeKapensis' engabangela ukubhujiswa kwamakoloni.
(Inkinga yeCapensis yilapho izinyosi zaseCape zithatha izinyosi kanye namakholomu ezinyosi zase-Afrika, ngenxa yokubulala indlovukazikazi wezinyosi zase-Afrika kanye nekoloni layo.)
Ukusetshenziswa Kwatheketheke Wasebukhosini
Ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ukudla okucebile kwamaprotheni ama-larvae angase abe khona, i-jelly yasebukhosini ivunwa ngumuntu ukuze isetshenziswe kwizicelo zokwelapha nezimonyo. Isetshenzisiwe esisha, ehlile noma efriziwe futhi efriziwe-omisiwe, i-jelly yasebukhosini ingaxubeka ekudleni, esetshenziswe kuthebhulethi noma ifomu eliketshezi njengemjovo noma eyenziwe izikhwama zesikhumba zokushisa amanxeba. Kuye kwadlalwa emidlalweni yama-racehorses kanye nokuzala ama-mites nezinambuzane.Utheketheke wasebukhosini eyongeniswa eNingizimu Afrika (ukuze isetshenziswe emikhiqizweni eyenziwe kwendawo) igxiliwe. Lokhu kungase kubhubhise izakhiwo eziwusizo.
Translated by Nsika Khoza