Ukukhetha lwezitshalo i-Cultivar

© Louise Brodie
Ziningi izizathu zokuthi kuzosetshenziswa luphi uhlobo lwembewu oluzohlanganiswa uma kutshalwa amagilebhisi - cultivar, okubaluleke kakhulu uhlobo lomhlabathi, nendawo (isibonelo. Umginqiliza, ubude above sea level) kanye nokuthi kuzokhiqizwa iwayini elinjani futhi lizothengiselwa yiphi imakethe. Ngesikhathi sokuhlelela isivini esisha, kumele isibalo sonke sokusilima sibe sibhekwe. Isibonelo, kuzoba nomthelela ukuvuna izivuno ezimbili ezahlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa. Uma ukhetha i-cultivar, kumele usicabangisise isikhathi sokuvuna uma izitshalo zakho zihlukene ukuze uzosihlelela kahle isikhathi sokuvuna.
Uma ukhetha i-cultivar, kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi yona leyo cultivar ingaba nayo i-clone (ukuzakha iphume isingenye Indlela) eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Amanye ama-clones avuthwa kuqala akhule izigaxa zezithelo ezinkulu ngakho lawo azothela amagilebhisi amanini. Kubalulekile nokukhetha kahle isiphunzi sempande.
Khetha isiphunzi sempande esifanele uhlobo lomhlabthi. Iziphunzi zezimpande zivamise ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi sibhekisiswe eNingizimu Afrika kwizinsimu ezithile nakumapulazi amakhulu emikhiqizo, lokhu sokukholele ekutheni kusetshenziswe iziphunzi zezimpande ezikwaziyo ukumelana nezilwanyana eziququza izimphande ngaphansi - phylloxera kanye neminyundu, enjenge 99 Richter, 110 Richter, 101-14 Mgt, 140 Ruggeri kanye ne 1103 Paulsen, kanye ne Ramsey kuleyomhlabathi ekhumuzekile nokhiqizayo.

©Louise Brodie
Kodwa lapho umhlabathi wonakaliswe i-Phytophthora cinnamomi kumele i- 99 Richter ingabe isasetshenziswa ngoba iyazwela kakhulu.
Indlela iziphunzi zezimpande ezenza ngayo emhlabathini othi kumele ibhekwe ngoba zinomthelela omukhulu kwisivini. Uma kuzokhiqizwa amagilebhisi esibalo esiphezulu kakhulu, kwenza umqondo omuhle ukusebenzi Ramsey ne US 8/7 yeziphunzi zezimpande. Ama-cultivar asuke ezoveza umkhiqizo omuncano kodwa oseqophelweni lezinga eliphezulu kumele kucatshangwe ukusebenzisa i- 99 Richter, 110 Richter and 101-14 Mgt.
Kufanele kube impahla yezitshalo kuphela nengenabungozi, ephasisiwe okumela ithengwe noma i-odwe endawei yokukhulisa izitshali zesivini, ithengwe cishe kusasele izinyanga ezingu 14 kuya kwezingu 18 ngaphi kokuba zitshalwe.

Translated by Nokubonga Guliwe