Izimpukane

© Marinda Louw

Ngaphandle kokuba inkathazo, izimpukane zingathwala izifo futhi zingaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yezilwane, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza eziqinile lapho izilwane zigcinwa khona ndawonye. Ucwaningo lasensimini lubonise ukuthi izinkomo zobisi zingalahlekelwa phakathi kwamaminithi angu-25 kuze kube amahora amahlanu esikhathi sokudla ngosuku ngenxa yomsindo wezimpukane.

Ukuphathwa

©Rykie Visser - Agrinet
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokubhekana nezimpukane iqukethe uhlelo lokuphatha, lapho imikhuba ehlukahlukene isetshenziswa. Inhloso yalolu hlelo kufanele kube ukugcina izinombolo zezimpukane ezincane. Nazi izeluleko ezinhlanu zokunciphisa impukane ngenani:
Okokuqala, nciphisa izinombolo zempethu namaqanda ngokukhomba izindawo lapho izimpukane zikwazi ukuzala khona. Izimpukane zithanda ukuzala emanzini kanye nezinye izinto ezibolile, ngakho kubalulekile ukugcina izilwane nezindawo zokukhiqiza zihlanzekile. Izilwane ezigulayo nezinezilonda kufanele ziphathwe ngokushesha ukuze zingagcini izimpukane futhi zivimbele ukutheleleka kwesibili. Izilwane ezifile kufanele zisuswe endaweni yokukhiqiza ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi zilahlwe ngendlela enhlanzekile. Kumele zishiswe noma zingcwatshwe.
Indawo yokukhiqizwa kufanele ihlanzwe njalo nomquba, udoti, indawo youkulala okungcolile, ukudla okuphelile kanye namaqanda aphukile, uma ulima nezinkukhu, kufanele ulawulwe kahle. Uma izilwane zingadli konke ukudla kwazo, ukunciphisa okusalayoukuse ushiye lutho olungadliwa izimpukane.
Umquba nodoti kulungele umquba, kepha umquba kufanele uphathwe kahle ukuwuvimbela ukuba uhehe izimpukane. Indawo yomquba kufanele ibe ngenye indawo ukusuka endaweni yokukhiqiza.

©Shem Compion
Okwesibili, imvelo ngumngani wakho. Ezinye izibungu kanye nezimbongolo zidla amaqanda ezimpukane nezimpethui. Lezi zitha ezingokwemvelo zingahle zikhishwe endaweni yokukhiqiza izikhathi ezimbalwa ngonyaka futhi zisiza kakhulu lapho izimpukane zihlakulele ukuphikiswa kwezindlela zokulawula amakhemikhali. Kodwa, kuyinto ebiza kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile akwanele kulezi zitha nxazonke uma udinga kakhulu. Ngakho-ke akufanele isetshenziswe njengendlela yokuzimela.

©Marinda Louw
Okwesithathu, sebenzisa izicupho kanye nezinto ezixosha izimpukane. Amakhoyili wezimpukane enza umsebenzi omuhle ekunciphiseni izinombolo zezimpukane uma zisetshenziselwa ngaphakathi kwezindlu zezilwanePhandle ungasebenzisa izicupho ezinokudla kwempukane. Inkinga yodwa ngezicupho ezinokudla ukuthi ziphunga kabi. Izimpukane azithandi izindawo ezimnyama, zivame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezikhanyayo ezakhiweni zezilwane. Abanye abalimi basebenzisa amaqabunga ophahleni lwezindlu ukuze banciphise ukukhanya okukhulu. Izilwane nazo zizokwazi ukuthola umthunzi owengeziwe ngenkathi kushisa. Abanye abalimi batshale amakhambi athile azungeze indawo yokukhiqiza noma basebenzise amafutha abalulekile ukuze baxoshe izimpukane.

Okwesine, sebenzisa izindlela zokulawula amakhemikhali ngendlela efanele. Ukulawulwa kwamakhemikhali kuphumelela kakhulu uma kusetshenziswe ngendlela efanele futhi ngokuya ngemiyalelo. Ukusetshenziswa okungalungile akugcini nje ukufaka ingozi yempilo, kodwa kungabangela ukuthi izimpukane zimelane namakhemikhali. Amakhemikhali anamuhla kufanele asetshenziswe, njengoba lokhu kuphephile kakhulu, okuhloswe kakhulu futhi okuvumelana ngokwemvelo kunezinambuzane zakudala ze-organophosphate insecticides noma i-DDT.
Imikhiqizo ikhona ukuze ibhekane noma izimpukane noma izimpethu futhi zisetshenziswe noma ezilwaneni. Ezinye zalezi mikhiqizo ziheha izimpukane.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi inkinga yezimpukane engama-40% kuya kwezingama-60% zingasuswa ngokubhekisa isigaba sempethu.
Okwesishiyagalombili, yenze iphrojekthi yomphakathi. Akukhathaleki ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokuphathwa kwezimpukane luhle kangakanani, ngeke lisho lutho uma omakhelwane bakho benganaki izinombolo zezimpukane emapulazini abo noma iziqephu zabo. Ukusebenza ndawonye kungcono futhi kushibhile kakhulu kunokusebenza wedwa.

Translated by Nsika Khoza