Ukwehla kwezinga lomgangatho womhlaba eMzantsi Afrika sisoyikiso esikhulu kwezo limo zase Mzantsi Afrika. Ulwazi olusuka kwizifundo ezenziweyo ezahlukileyo zifumanise okokuba umhlaba wase Mzantsi unezinga eliphantsi lwemveliso eziphilayo – malunga no 58% yomhlaba inomlinganiselo ongaphantsi ko 0.5% carbon, nomlinganiselo ongu 4% kuphela enomyinge oyi 2% we ‘organic carbon’.
Umhlaba ongaphezulu one ‘organic material’ (OM) engaphantsi ko 2% uye waziwe “njengomhlaba ofileyo” kuba ingenazo izinongo zomhlaba i(Carbon) yokondla izityalo ezincinci. Umhlaba onangaphantsi we 2% ye (OM) uye udinge isichumisi eziphilayo iquka nezinye, intsholongwane zomhlaba (iyisti ne fungi, ntsolongwane njalo njalo) kunye nomgquba – kuba iyeyona inikeza isondlo kwizityalo, microbiological amandla kwaye igcina amanzi nezinongo Zikhona; ixhasa ukukhula kwezikhondo, ukwenzeka komhlaba kwaye inyusa ukungena kwamanzi emhlabeni.
Ukuchuma komhlaba akujongisanga ekuqinisekiseni okokuba umhlaba unezinongo ezaneleyo emhlabeni yelixesha lonyaka lifunekayo, nokuqhubeka kufakwa okucoceileyo emhlabeni. Okoko kwenziwa ngotyala iumgquba ohlaza, ukusebenzisa ujikeleziso lwezityalo nokusebenzisa izichumisi ezixubileyo.
Umhlaba kufuneka uvele kumacala onke, imibala ibe ‘lhlaza, rock phosphate’ nezinye eziphilayo ezinokusetyenziselwa esisizathu. Ngaphezu kwako konke, zintsholongwane kwintwanantwana zomhlaba, yeast, fungi nemisundululu – echaza ukuchuma komhlaba. Ezintsholongwane zibalulekileyo ekukwazeni uku lima ngempumelelo.
Nanga amanyathelo abalulekileyo okwandisa impilo/ukuchumisa umhlaba: Sebenzisa ekuphilayo emhlabeni njengoko ngokuvuselela ukukhula kwintsholongwane ezilungileyo zomhlaba. Intsholongwane zomhlaba ezaziwayo njenge ‘effective microbes’ (EM) zingatengwa zidityaniswe emhlabeni.
Musa ukuwunonophela kakhulu umhlaba. Ukuwunonophela kakhulu umhlabakwenza ubume bomhlaba bophuke kwaye nokuchuma komhlaba kwehle. Yandisa ukogqumatheleka komhlaba - umhlaba kufuneka ugqunywe zizityalo ezininzi. Oku kuzakunqanda uqhekeko lomhlaba, ukutsha kwamanzi nokukhula kokhula. Yandisa nokukhula komhlaba.
Umhlaba ungogqunywa ngezityalo okanye ngamaxolo, njengoko kuchaziwe ezantsi. Yandisa nokwahlukana kwentlobo zezityalo. Bio - ubomi nokwahlukana - iintlobo ngentlobo. Umvelisi wemveliso ezingaxutywanga na khemikhali uquka izityalo, izinambuzane, kunye nezilwanyane, fungi nee ntsholongwane. Ubuninzi bezilwanyane efama, lubaluninzi ulawulo lwendawo.
Translated by Zikhona Plaatjie