Inkcazelo
IShiraz ngumdiliya we wayini ebomvu onencasa ecacileyo yomsi. Yenziwa ngokudityaniswa imidiliya esele izakuphela, iDureza kunye ne Mondeuse blanche.Imvelaphi
Ekuqaleni kwakucingwa ukuba iShiraz yaqala ukukhula kwi dolophi endala yase Persia,iShiraz nebizwa ne Iran kulemihla. Intlolo ze DNa ekupheleni kweminyaka ka 1990 zabonisa ukuba I France lelona lizwe waqala ukukhula kulo lomdiliya.
Kuba zombini indidi zemidiliya engonozala be Shiraz, ziphuma kumzantsi mpuma we France. Lomdiliya kwisithili sase Rhone ukususela kwiminyaka elikhulu eligqithilieyo. Udumo lwayo phaya lwakhula ukususela ekupheleni komyaka ka 1960, yayixutywa ne Grenache noir kunye ne Carignan.
Amanye Amagama
Kumazwe amaninzi alapha emhlabeni, lomdiliya ubizwa ngokua yi Syrah. Amazwe asanda kuvelisa lewayini, afana noMzantsi Afrika kunye Australia, asandula kuqala ukulisebenzisa eligama ukubonakalisa uhlobo lwe wayini.
Eligama iSyrah lisetyenziswa kwi wayini ezenziwa ngendlela yakudala yase Rhone, apho kufakwa incasa zeziqhamo ezilawulweyo. Logama yona iShiraz isetyenziswa kwi wayini zesimanje-manje apho imidiliya ivunwa xa sele ivuthwe kakhulu ibe sele ineqondo eliphezulu lotywala kwaye ibe sele inencasa yeziqhamo evakala kakhulu.
Imveliso eMzantsi Afrika
Akukho siqiniseko sokuba iShiraz yafika nini eMzantsi Afrika . Ngokoqikelelo, uMphathi u Simon van der Stel wayizisa eMzantsi Afrika ekupheleni kweminyaka ye 1600. Olunye luthi u James Busby, nowayengumlimi wase Scotland nowaqala ukuvelisa iShiraz e Australia , washiya izityalo zalomdiliya e Kapa kwindlela yakhe esuka e Europe kwiminyaka yo 1840.
Imidiliya yokuqala yatyalwa e Groot Constantia ekusondeleni kukuphela kweminyaka ye 1890, kodwa udumo lwalendidi lwalungekho luninzi kuba yayingaveliswa ngamanani aphezulu, kwaye nabavelisi babengabuyekezwa ngokuvelisa iwayini esemgangathweni. Uninzi lwesisityalo lwalusuleleke yingculaza ngeloxesha .
UBernard Podlashuk, nobizwa nje ngo “tata we Shiraz eMzantsi Afrika”, wabangowokuqala ukuvelisa I wayini eyenziwa ngomdiliya we Shiraz kuphela, ngomyaka ka 1957. Phakathi komnyaka ka 1992 no 2016, inginqgi evelisa lomdiliya yanyuka ukusuka ku 900 ha ukuya kufuphi kwi 10 000 ha, oku kwabangela ukuba iShiraz ibengumdiliya wesibini kuluhlu lwemidiliya ye wayini ebomvu eMzantsi Afrika.
Iingingqi Eveliswa kuzo eMzantsi afrika
Lomdiliya uqhuba kakuhle kwimihlaba ephakathi ukuya kwelula, kwaye uye uhambelane nemeko zemo yezulu. Ufumaneka kuzo zonke indawo ezivelisa iwayini eMzantsi Afrika, iPaarl yeyona ndawo iwutyale kakhulu lomdiliya, ze ilandelwe si Stellenbosch kunye ne Swartland. Ine pecenti enkulu yemidiliya eveliswa kuMzantsi Nxweme weKoloni.Ukukhula
Imithi yalomdiliya ityokololo kwaye iyanaba xa ikhula yaye iyachuma. Imveliso iphakathi ukuya kwenkulu ngokolinganisaniselo. Ibalelwa kuma 10t/ha ukuya kwi 15t/ha.Ukuvuthwa
Imidiliya ivuthwa phakathi kwixesha lokuvuna, ukuqala ekupheleni kwenyanga ka Februwari ukuya kwisiqingatha sokuqala senyanga ka Matshi.Amagaqa Omdiliya
Amagaqa omdiliya aphakathana ngokomlinganiselo, amilve okwe ovali kwaye amnyama-mfusa ngokombala. Ixolo lipecepece kodwa lomelele kwaye nenyama yangaphakathi inenyama emanzi kakhulu. Amagaqa alomdiliya ayashwabana xa eyekwe ixesha elide engade avunwe.Amagqabi
Izonakalisi Nezifo
Lomdiliya akukho lula ukuba uhlaselwe zizio, kodwa isifo seShiraz kwakunye nokuncipha kwe Shiraz kungabayingxaki kwizityalo zayo ezityhile. Lomdiliya wonakala msinyane kumoyo obhudlayo.Imisebenzi
Lomdiliya usetyenziswa ukuvelisa iwayini ezenziwe ngohlobo olunye lomdiliya kunye nokuvelisa imixube emininzi yezinye iwayini. Nekufanele ibenomlinganiselo wama 30% kwaye ungadluleli kuma 70% we Pinotage, okanye imixube yamandulo ye Rhone. Ikwasetyenziswa nasekwenzeni iwayini ezibomvu ezihlwahlwazayo.Incasa
Incasa ye Shiraz ixhomekeka kwizinto ezahlukileyo, kuquka imo yezulu, indawo etyalwe kuyo, indlela imidiliya ibiphethwe ngayo nangendlela I wayini evundiswe ngayo. Ikakhulu iwayini zibanencasa yomsi, eqhwethayo kunye nencasa yeziqhamo, xa ikhuliswe kwingingqi ezifudumelelyo nezikude nolwandle.
Kwaye ivelise incasa ecacileyoyeziqhamo engenokuphazanywa. Imidiliya engagqunywanga, nesivuno esiphakathi ngokomlinganiselo yaze yayekwa ukuba ivunde ixesha elide yayanyaniswa nencasa ye plam evuthiweyo neyamaqunube.
Logama leyo ithathwe kwi fama ezingathwali siqhamo sikhulu ivelisa amavuma aqhwtha kakhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwe planga lom oki lidlala indima enkulu kwisiphumo se wayini, kuxhomekeke kwindlela osetyenziswe ngayo nakuhlobo lom oki lowo.
Translated by Zizipho Silwana