Isitiya Sase Richtersveld

iBio-Diversity Emangalisayo

©Jacques Marais

Ibiodiversity yase Richtersveld kunye nase Namaqualand iyamangalisa. Lo ngu mmandla owomileyo nofumana imvula emalunga nama 150 mm ngonyaka. Ngamafutshane lendawo yintlango. Kushushu kakhulu ke kulendawo, amaqondo obushushu asehlotyeni ahamba kuma 50 degrees. Ngoko ke, kwenzeka njani ukuba indawo eyome, neshushu ngoluhlobo iikwazi ukubanezityalo ezininzi ngoluhlobo? Kukho iqela lemo zezulu ezisebenzisana ukwenza le gadi yase Eden ingaqhelekanga.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ema yiqwalaselwe yingqele yolwandle ye Benguela, enyukela emantla iyokutsho kumanxweme asentshona eli lizwekazi. I-Benguela isuka kummandla we Antarctic, nalapho amanzi afudumeleyo axubana namanzi abanda nkca Olwandle lwase Mazantsi.
Oku kudibana kwalamalwandle kubangela ukuba lamanzi afudumeleyo aphole ze atshone, ze kusuke emazantsi olwandle amanzi abandayo, azele zizinongo. Umoya onamandla osuka kwi South Atlantic anticyclone system aqhubela lamanzi abandayo ngentla kwi Cape of Good Hope nanga kunxweme lwentshona.
Ekugqibeleni aphelela kumanxweme elizwe lase Angola, nalapho adibana khona namanzi olwandle afudumeleyo.

iBenguela Current

iBenguela current inegalelo elikhulu kwindalo yasemazantsi elizwekazi lase Afrika. Amanzi azele zizinongo axhasa iindidi ezininzi zeentlanzi, nezithi zityiwe zizinja zolwandle, iintaka zamanzi kwakunye nezinye izilo ezikhulu zolwandle. La manzi olwandle abandayo, namalunga nesi 5 degrees ukubanda xa ethelekiswa namanzi asenzulwini, akwanciphisa nolophu olunokuthi lwenzeke. Iziphumo zoku ke, ibangamathuba ambalwa emvula ethi ine kumanxweme asentshona kwaye nolwandle lunegalelo ekomeni kwalo mmandla.
Kodwa ke iBenguela Current inalo uncedo enalo, ngokuthi izinzise kulo mmandla. Imimoya epholileyo evuthuza ngaselwandle ithomalalisa amaqondo obushushu kwindawo ezikufutshane naselunxwemeni. Ngoko ke, ehlotyeni akubishushu gqitha kwaye nasebusika akubandi kangako. Kodwa ke, ngenxa yeentaba, lempepho yolwandle ayifikikeleli embindini welizwe kwaye amaqondo obushushu asehlotyeni eRichtersveld angabangaphaya kwama 40 degrees.
iBenguela current ikwangunobangela wenkungu eshinyeneyo, ibakho rhoqo kulendawo ibe isuka ngaselunxwemeni. Le nkungu, nekwaziwa njengokuba yi malmokies okanye !hurries ngabemi balendawo, ibangwa ngumoya ofumileyo obhudla ukusuka ngasentshona uze upholiswe ngamanzi olwandle abandayo. Oku kunyanzela ukuba lomoya ushushu ujike ube yinkungu eshinyeneyo ehruqa kumathafa angaselunxwemeni, igquma nezityalo ngobumanzi obunga ngumbethe.
Le nkungu yenzeka kakhulu ngeenyanga zokwindla, ngethuba isantya somoya sisezantsi. Ezi malmokkies zixhaphakile kwaye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuchumiseni izityalo zalo mmandla.

IiMalmokkies

Iimalmokkies zihlala zikhona ngenxa yemvula ena rhoqo. iNamaqualanda ayithwaxwa zimbalela ixesha elide njengeminye imimmandla esentlango. Ngoko ke, nangona imvula ingafane inethe kakhulu, ayinqabanga kwaphela. Kwaye oku kunceda izityalo ukuba ziqhubeke nokukhula njengesiqhelo. Izizathu zokuba iimvula zinganqabi kulendawo aziqondwa ncam. Enye imo yezulu ebalulekileyo, nephillisa i-ecosystem yimimoya ebizwa ngokuba yi Berg Winds. Le mimoya ivuthuzela emazantsi ombindi wase Mzantsi Afrika rhoqo ebusika. Oku kubangwa luxinzelelo olukhulu lomoya owomileyo owehlela kwintaba ephakamileyo.
Lo moya ke, uthi wehlele kumanxweme angezantsi-yiyo lonto ke wehla entabeni sele uvuthuza. Njengokuba useha ngeentili, lomoya uya ufudumala ze uvunguze nangakumbi. Isiphumo soku ke, yimimoya eyomileyo ebhudla emathafeni angaselunxwemeni. eNamaqualand kunye nase Richtersveld, lemimoya ibizwa nge Berg Winds idala amaqondo obushushu afudumeleyo eyenza izityalo kunye nezilwantana ukuba zikhule kwaye zande.

Translated by Zizipho Silwana