Imithombo yaManzi, Ukugcinwa, Ukutsalwa Kwamanzi kunye noku Mpompa
Imithombo yaManzi
Onke amanzi afikelela ngaphezulu emhlabeni ngendlela ezohlukileyo, ezifana nokhephu, imvula,amaqhwa okanye inkungu. Mibini eyona mithombo yamanzi esiyisebenzisayo kwezolimo nasemakhaya. La ngamanzi atsalwa ngaphezu komhlaba (ezifana nemilambo namachibi) asiwe kwiindawo adingeka kuzo,kunye namanzi atsalwa ngaphantsi komhlaba ahamba ayokufikelela ngaphezu komhlaba ngokwendalo okanye atsalwe ngabanti ngamaqula okanye iiboreholes.
Ukugcinwa kwa Manzi
Irrigation Dam with vineyards.
Amanzi agcinwa emadamini, kwaye ukusuka apho ayampontshwa. Ukuba kuyenzeka asenokutselelwa kwimihlaba elinyiweyo. Ilahleko ngolophu ingabaninzi ukuba amadama makhulu. Amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba asenokumpontshwa esuka kumakhulu khulu emitha ezingaphantsi komhlaba, empontshelwa emadamini, nalapho anokusetyenziselwa ukunkcenkceshela. Kumaxa amaninzi asenokumpontshelwa ngqo kwizityalo. Amanzi aphantsi komhlaba asenokufikelela ngaphezulu ngemithombo. Maxa wambi amachibi enziwa ngamanzi emithombo okanye enziwa ngamanzi omlambo ohambayo.
Ukutsala Amanzi
Sluice and water canal to water vineyards.
Amanzi atsalwa ngengxunya evulekileyo, imisele okanye imibhobho ewasa apho agcinwa khona aze asetyenziswe. Amandla amanzi ahambayo asenokuba ngawendalo okanye ampontshwe. Kungcono amanzi ahambe ngemibhobho kunokuba ayekwe azihambele kwimingxuma evulekileyo okanye kwimisele, ngenxa yolophu kunye nokufunxwa ngumhlaba.
Ukumpompa
Iimpompo ezininzi ezenzelwe ukunkcenkceshela zihamba ngombane, ipetroli okanye idiesel.
Zimbini iindidi ezihamba phambili zeempompo:centrifugal pumps kunye ne displacement pumps.
Iidisplacement pumps zisebenza ngamanzi angena kwi chamber zeempompo aze atshovele lamanzi ngaphandle. Le chamber yamanzi ilawulwa zii valves ezimbini eziwenza lamanzi abheke phambili angabuyeli ngasemva. Amandla asetyenziswayo asenokwenziwa ziindlela ezininzi zamandla, ezifana nomophu, umoya, idiesel, kunye ne gasoline. Kwi hydraulic ram pump asenokwenziwa ngamandla abizwa nge kinetic energy neyenziwa ngalamanzi ubuqu.
Kusetyenziswa iimpompo zohlobo lwe centrifugal pumps xa kulungiselelwa ukunkcenkeshela.
Icentrifugal pump ineimpeller enekopi ezikhongozela amanzi esiphakathini ize iyijikelezise ngaphakathi kwi chamber iyikhuhe nge centrifugal force neyihambisa iyikhuphele ngaphandle. Lamanzi aphima sele etshizeka ngombhobho wangaphandle.
Translated by
Zizipho Silwana
