U tswariwe e Klerksdorp
Hiti 7 October 1931, Desmond Mpilo Tutu u tswariwile ari nwana wa Zachariah (mudyondzisi) na Aletta (mutirhi wale ndlwini) e Klerksdorp exifundzeni xa North West xa Afrika Dzonga. Ari un’we wa vana va 4 eka ndyangu lowu awungari na mali yo vonaka. Loko Desmond ari na 8 wa malembe tata wa yena va yisiwile eka xikolo xale Ventersdorp laha ndyangu wa yena wunga nghena kona e African Methodist Episcopal Church.
Kusukela kwalano ndyangu lowu wu rhurhele e Roodepoort e Gauteng laha vanga tshama kona loko vanga se ya hetelela vatshamile e Munsieville, ndzhawu leyi aku tshama vantima ntsena e Krugersdorp, Gauteng. Loko vaha tshama e Munsieville, Desmond a ti endlela mali hiku hlengeleta naku dilivhara swiambalo leswi aswi hlantswiwa hi manana wa yena.
U tlhele a xavisa malamula na timanga kuva a ti endlela mali nakambe a tirha tani hi caddy e Killarney golf course. U vuye ava xirho xa Scouts, laha anga nyikiwa Tenderfoot Second Class na Proficiency Badge eka kusweka.
Xikolo xale henhla e Sophiatown
Desmond u sungule tidyondzo tale henhla e Western High School kusuhi na Sophiatown hi 1945. Laha hi laha anga tirha kahle eka tidyondzo naku sungula kuva na ntsakelo wa ntlangu wa rugby endzhaku ayava xiphemu xa xipano xa xikolo. Endzhaku ka malembe mambirhi uvuye a khomiwa hi tuberculosis (TB) kutani ayisiwa exibedlele kuringana 18 wa tinhweti.
Hinkarhi waku tshama ka yena exibedlele, uvile munghana wa Father Trevor Huddleston loyi angava na nhlohletelo swinene eka vutomi bya yena naswona ehansi kayena u tirhile eka parish ya kereke e Munsieville. Huddleston ari Bishop wa munghezi wa kereke ya Anglican loyi a tirha tani hi mufundhisi e Sophiatown.
Desmond a tsakisiwa ngopfu hi nhlonipho lowu mufundhisi ari na wona eka mhani wa Desmond, munhu loyi a tekiwa tani hi wa xiyimo xale hansi swinene eka Huddleston e vanhwini. Anga rivali ndlela leyi Huddleston a khoma munhu un’wana na un’wana hi nhlonipho, leswi swin’wi hlohletele ngopfu evuton’wini loko a hlangana na mintlhontlho eka xihlawuhlawu.
Hikokwalaho ka mavabyi yakwe, Desmond a salele endzhaku swinene e xikolweni kambe hambiswiritano u pfumeleriwile kuya tsala xikambelo xa Matric eka klilasi ya 1950. Akuri norho wa yena kuva Dokodela, leswinga endla leswaku a hlwela ku etlela minkarhi yotala, atirhisa khandlela ku hlaya tibuku, ku hlayela swikambelo swa matric.
Uvuye a pasa naswona a amukeriwa e Witwatersrand Medical School kut yisa emahlweni tidyondzo takwe. Kambe,anga kotanga kukuma kupfuneka eka swa timali leswaku ata hakela xikolo,u teke xiboho xakuva mudyondzisi naswona aya nghena e Bantu Normal College kuya hetitisa tidyondzo ta yena ta Diploma yaku dyondzisa.
Ku tirha tani hi mudyondzisi
Loko Tutu a tirha tani hi mudyondzisi u hlangane na Nomalizo Leah Shenxane, loyi na yena ari mudyondzisi. Lava va tekanile hi lembe ra 1955 naswona vana vana va 4 swin’we. Tutu u tshikile kuva mundyondzisi loko kuta tisiwa nawu wa Bantu Education Act, a ala ku seketela ku kandziyeriwa naku sindzisa dyondzo yoka yingari kahle eka vanhu hikokwalaho ka muhlovo wa vona. U yisile emahlweni tidyondzo ta theology e St Peter’s Theology College e Johannesburg.
Leswi switswale mihandzu hi 1960 loko Tutu ata vekiwa tani hi mufundzhisi wa kereke ya Anglican. Kusuka hi lembe ra 1962 kuya eka 1966 u dyondzele Bachelors na Masters degree hi Theology kusuka e King’s College London. Loko Tutu ari ematikweni yale handle u hlohleteriwe hi ntshuxeko waku humesa vutitwi xikan’we naku kuma vutivi hiku olova xikan’we na dyondzo leyi anga yi vona kona. A lava ntshuxeko lowotani eka vantima kuloni laha e Afrika Dzonga.
Xirho xo hlonipheka
Loko Desmond Tutu a vuya laha Afrika Dzonga hi 1967, u joyine vatirhi eka Federal Theological Seminary e Alice kutani ava chaplain e Universtiy ya Fort Hare. Hi 1975, Tutu u vekiwe kuva Dean ya St Mary’s Cathedral, Johannesburg, kutani endzhaku ka sweswo a vekiwa kuva Bishop wa Lesotho. 1975, lowu akuri nkarhi wa madzolonga e tikweni ra Afrika Dzonga laha akuri na minkitsikitsi ya tiplotiki laha aku lwisaniwa na xihlawuhlawu lexi axi humelela hinkarhi walowo.
Lowu awuri nkarhi lowu Desmond Tutu a thoriwe tani hi matsalani nkulu wa South African Council of Churches (SACC). SACC ayi yimela tikereke ta xi kreste e Afrika Dzonga, ehandle ka Dutch Reformed Church na Catholic Church. SACC yive famba emahlweni tani hi nhlangano lowunga eka timhaka ta ximoya na vutomi bya tipolotiki ta ma Afrika Dzonga laha ayitisa nkarhi wakuva vava na rito hi matitwelo ya vona.
Hi malembe ya 1978 na 1985, Tutu ari e mahlweni laha kaya nale matikweni mambe eka kulwisana na xihlawuhlawu na ntshikelelo eka vanhu va ntima. Desmond Tutu u nyikiwe Nobel Prize ya kurhula hi 1984 tani hiku kombisa nseketelo eka kuhoxa kayena xandla eka ku lwisana na xihlawuhlawu.
Desmond Tutu hi 1985, u hlawuriwile tani hi Bishop wale Johannesburg, hinkarhi walowo u yile emahlweni ku hlohletela ku cinca naku tisa vun’we exikarhi ka valungu na vantima va kereke ya Anglican ya Afrika Dzonga. Hi 1986, u hlawuriwile kuva Archbishop wa Cape Town naswona hi 1987, Tutu uvuye a hlawuriwa tani hi President wa All African Conference of Churches.
Endzhaku ka xihlawuhlawu
Loko xihlawuhlawu xiherile hi 1994, Tutu u rhambiwile kutava mutshami wa xitulu eka Truth and Reconciliation Commission, hi Nelson Mandela, hiku tshemba leswaku uta tisa kurhula eka rixaka. Tutu u xiximiwile laha kaya nale matikweni mambe, eka malembe yotala, eka kuhoxa xandla ka yena eka ku endla Afrika Dzonga kutisa ndzingano eka vaaki.
Hiku tekela enhlokweni ka rirhandzu ra yena ro hlaya na dyondzo, Tutu u xiximiwe hi ti honorary degrees to hlaya, naswona swikolo swotala nati scholarships swithyiwe hikokwalaho ka yena. Hi 1987 u hlurile eka Pacem in Terris Award, sagwadi leringa thyiwa endzhaku ka papilla ra Pope John XXIII leri hlohletelaka vanhu ku tiyisisa kurhula eka tinxaka. Hi 2008, Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich u veke siku ra 13 May “Desmond Tutu Day” naswona hi 2017 Queen Elizabeth II wa England un’wi thole tani hi Bailiff Grand Cross of the Venerable Order ya St John.
Translated by Ike Ngobeni
Un’wana wa swirhandzwa swa Afrika Dzonga, Desmond Tutu u tiveka swinene kuva a ri mulweri wa timfanelo ta vanhu hile tlhelo muwini wa 1984...